{ "apiVersion": "v1", "kind": "Chapter", "metadata": { "generated": "2026-08-22T14:14:13Z", "language": "en", "book": "chaldean-account-of-genesis", "chapter": 8 }, "data": { "n": 8, "bookSlug": "chaldean-account-of-genesis", "bookCode": "CAG", "refId": "", "title": "", "translation": null, "segments": [], "lines": [], "paragraphs": [{ "n": 1, "refId": "CAG-8:1", "text": "New York: Scribner, Armstrong, pages 123–136" },{ "n": 2, "refId": "CAG-8:2", "text": "Lubara.—God of Pestilence.—Itak,—The Plague.—Seven warrior gods.—Destruction of people.—Anu.—Goddess of Karrak.—Speech of Elu.—Sin and destruction of Babylonians.—Shamas.—Sin and destruction of Erech.—Ishtar.—The great god and Duran.—Cutha.—Internal wars.—Itak goes to Syria.—Power and glory of Lubara.—Song of Lubara.—Blessing's on his worship.—God Ner,—Prayer to arrest the Plague." },{ "n": 3, "refId": "CAG-8:3", "text": "The god whose exploits are principally recorded bears a name which I read with much hesitation as Lubara or Dabara and whom I conjecture on some doubtful grounds to be a form of the god Ninip." },{ "n": 4, "refId": "CAG-8:4", "text": "​The passages I have given in my \"History of Assurbanipal\" and in \"Assyrian Discoveries,\" pp. 339, 340, 343, serve to show that this deity was the god of pestilence, or the personification of the plague, and the passage in the Deluge table (\"Assyrian Discoveries,\" p. 192, l. 20), shows this name with the same meaning." },{ "n": 5, "refId": "CAG-8:5", "text": "My reading Lubara is taken from the passage, \"Cuneiform Inscriptions,\" vol. ii. p. 25, l. 13." },{ "n": 6, "refId": "CAG-8:6", "text": "Lubara has a companion deity named Itak who marches before him, and seven gods who follow him in his destructive course." },{ "n": 7, "refId": "CAG-8:7", "text": "The point of the story in these tablets appears to be, that the people of the world had offended Anu god of heaven, and that deity ordered Lubara to go forth and strike the people with the pest. It is evident here that exactly the same views prevailed in Babylonia as those among the Jews, visitations from pestilence or famine being always supposed to be sent by the deity in punishment for some sin." },{ "n": 8, "refId": "CAG-8:8", "text": "The whole of this series of tablets may be described as a poetical picture of the destruction caused by a plague, sweeping over district after district, and destroying everything before it." },{ "n": 9, "refId": "CAG-8:9", "text": "The fragment which appears to me to come first in the series is a very mutilated portion of a tablet, containing parts of three columns of writing. Only a fragment of the first column is perfect enough to translate, and the characters on this are so worn that the translation cannot be other than doubtful. It appears to .mw-parser-output .wst-tooltip{cursor:help;border-bottom:thin dotted cornflowerblue}.mw-parser-output .wst-tooltip-nodash{border-bottom:none}eadr" },{ "n": 10, "refId": "CAG-8:10", "text": "​01. to capture he was turned .mw-parser-output .nowrap,.mw-parser-output .nowrap a:before,.mw-parser-output .nowrap .selflink:before{white-space:nowrap}. . . ." },{ "n": 11, "refId": "CAG-8:11", "text": "02. the fifth time . . . . above and below seeking" },{ "n": 12, "refId": "CAG-8:12", "text": "03. seven I? say? strengthened . . . ." },{ "n": 13, "refId": "CAG-8:13", "text": "04. the words of the account of the seven gods all of them Anu heard and" },{ "n": 14, "refId": "CAG-8:14", "text": "05. he said? to them also to Lubara the warrior of the gods may thy hand move" },{ "n": 15, "refId": "CAG-8:15", "text": "06. like of the people of the nations their pit . . . . he will strike" },{ "n": 16, "refId": "CAG-8:16", "text": "07. set thy heart also to make a destruction" },{ "n": 17, "refId": "CAG-8:17", "text": "08. the people of the dark races to ruin thou shalt strike with the desolation of the god Ner" },{ "n": 18, "refId": "CAG-8:18", "text": "09. and thy weapon against their swords may thy hand move" },{ "n": 19, "refId": "CAG-8:19", "text": "10. slay them and cast down their weapons." },{ "n": 20, "refId": "CAG-8:20", "text": "11. He said to Lubara do thou go and" },{ "n": 21, "refId": "CAG-8:21", "text": "12. thy . . . . like an old man, thy son name? afterwards?" },{ "n": 22, "refId": "CAG-8:22", "text": "13. like a slaughter in the house, name in the house," },{ "n": 23, "refId": "CAG-8:23", "text": "14. against the seat devised . . . ." },{ "n": 24, "refId": "CAG-8:24", "text": "This passage appears to describe the forthcoming destruction, the god Anu commanding the slaughter." },{ "n": 25, "refId": "CAG-8:25", "text": "The next fragment is of a different character, but appears from its style to belong to this series." },{ "n": 26, "refId": "CAG-8:26", "text": "02. . . spake to him and he . . . ." },{ "n": 27, "refId": "CAG-8:27", "text": "03. . . spake to him and he learned? . . . ." },{ "n": 28, "refId": "CAG-8:28", "text": "04. Anu at the doing of Hea . . . ." },{ "n": 29, "refId": "CAG-8:29", "text": "​05. the gods of heaven and earth all there were who thus answered" },{ "n": 30, "refId": "CAG-8:30", "text": "06. his will which was like the will of Anu who . . ." },{ "n": 31, "refId": "CAG-8:31", "text": "07. extending from the horizon of heaven to the top of heaven" },{ "n": 32, "refId": "CAG-8:32", "text": "08. . . . . looked and his fear he saw" },{ "n": 33, "refId": "CAG-8:33", "text": "09. . . . . Anu who hand? over him . . . . made" },{ "n": 34, "refId": "CAG-8:34", "text": "10. . . . . of Hea his calamity made" },{ "n": 35, "refId": "CAG-8:35", "text": "11. . . . . strong to later days to . . . ." },{ "n": 36, "refId": "CAG-8:36", "text": "13. . . . . triumphantly the net . . he broke" },{ "n": 37, "refId": "CAG-8:37", "text": "14. . . . . to heaven he ascended, she thus" },{ "n": 38, "refId": "CAG-8:38", "text": "15. . . . . 4,021 people he placed" },{ "n": 39, "refId": "CAG-8:39", "text": "16. . . . . the illness which was on the body of the people he placed" },{ "n": 40, "refId": "CAG-8:40", "text": "17. . . . . the illness the goddess of Karrak made to cease" },{ "n": 41, "refId": "CAG-8:41", "text": "The next portion of the legend is a considerable part of one of the tablets, probably the fourth, all four columns of writing being represented. There are many curious points in this tablet, beside the special purpose of the legend, such as the peoples enumerated in the fourth column, the action of the gods of the various cities, &c." },{ "n": 42, "refId": "CAG-8:42", "text": "01. . . . . his . . thou dost not sweep away" },{ "n": 43, "refId": "CAG-8:43", "text": "02. . . . . thou turnest his troop" },{ "n": 44, "refId": "CAG-8:44", "text": "​04. . . . . thou enterest within it" },{ "n": 45, "refId": "CAG-8:45", "text": "05. . . . . thou callest, like a tent" },{ "n": 46, "refId": "CAG-8:46", "text": "06. . . . . an appointment has not" },{ "n": 47, "refId": "CAG-8:47", "text": "07. . . . . thy . . . he gathers" },{ "n": 48, "refId": "CAG-8:48", "text": "08. . . . . he draws out his sword" },{ "n": 49, "refId": "CAG-8:49", "text": "11. . . . . like a bird he flies" },{ "n": 50, "refId": "CAG-8:50", "text": "15. . . . . strike their hands" },{ "n": 51, "refId": "CAG-8:51", "text": "18. Elu his fierceness? covered? and" },{ "n": 52, "refId": "CAG-8:52", "text": "20. Lubara is couching at his gate, over the corpses of chiefs and slaves" },{ "n": 53, "refId": "CAG-8:53", "text": "22. The wicked Babylonians watched it and" },{ "n": 54, "refId": "CAG-8:54", "text": "24. To the floor thou tramplest them and thou didst break through . . . ." },{ "n": 55, "refId": "CAG-8:55", "text": "26. Thou leavest also the land, thou goest out to another" },{ "n": 56, "refId": "CAG-8:56", "text": "27. . . . . thou destroyest the land, thou enterest the palace." },{ "n": 57, "refId": "CAG-8:57", "text": "28. The people see thee and they reach their weapons." },{ "n": 58, "refId": "CAG-8:58", "text": "​29. The high priest the avenger of Babylon hardens his heart," },{ "n": 59, "refId": "CAG-8:59", "text": "30. like the spoiling of enemies to spoil he sends forth his soldiers." },{ "n": 60, "refId": "CAG-8:60", "text": "31. Before the face of the people they do evil violently." },{ "n": 61, "refId": "CAG-8:61", "text": "32. To that city I send thee, thou man" },{ "n": 62, "refId": "CAG-8:62", "text": "33. shalt not fear, do not tremble at a man." },{ "n": 63, "refId": "CAG-8:63", "text": "34. Small and great at once cast down and" },{ "n": 64, "refId": "CAG-8:64", "text": "35. . . . . of evil leaving fear? thou dost not save any one." },{ "n": 65, "refId": "CAG-8:65", "text": "36. The collection of the goods of Babylon thou spoilest," },{ "n": 66, "refId": "CAG-8:66", "text": "37. the people the king gathers, and enters the city," },{ "n": 67, "refId": "CAG-8:67", "text": "38. shaking the bow, raising the sword" },{ "n": 68, "refId": "CAG-8:68", "text": "39. of the people spoiled who are punished by Anu and Dagon." },{ "n": 69, "refId": "CAG-8:69", "text": "41. their corpses like the pouring down of rain thou dost cast down in the vicinity of the city," },{ "n": 70, "refId": "CAG-8:70", "text": "42. and their treasures thou openest, thou dost sweep into the river." },{ "n": 71, "refId": "CAG-8:71", "text": "43. The great lord Merodach saw and angrily spoke," },{ "n": 72, "refId": "CAG-8:72", "text": "45. on an unsparing curse his face is set," },{ "n": 73, "refId": "CAG-8:73", "text": "46. . . . . of the river fled not . . . ." },{ "n": 74, "refId": "CAG-8:74", "text": "01. . . . . of the lord of the earth . . ." },{ "n": 75, "refId": "CAG-8:75", "text": "02. a deluge he did not make . . . ." },{ "n": 76, "refId": "CAG-8:76", "text": "03. Against Shamas his tower thou destroyest thou dost cast . . . ." },{ "n": 77, "refId": "CAG-8:77", "text": "04. Of Erech the seat of Anu and Ishtar" },{ "n": 78, "refId": "CAG-8:78", "text": "05. the city of the ladies, Samhati and Harimati," },{ "n": 79, "refId": "CAG-8:79", "text": "06. of Ishtar. Death they fear they are delivered into thy hands." },{ "n": 80, "refId": "CAG-8:80", "text": "07. The Suti with the Suti are placed in . . . ." },{ "n": 81, "refId": "CAG-8:81", "text": "08. slay the house of heaven, the priests, the festival makers," },{ "n": 82, "refId": "CAG-8:82", "text": "09. who to make the people of Ishtar fear, their manhood turn to . . . ." },{ "n": 83, "refId": "CAG-8:83", "text": "10. carrying swords, carrying naklabi, dupe, and zurri" },{ "n": 84, "refId": "CAG-8:84", "text": "11. who to raise the spirit of Ishtar trust . . . ." },{ "n": 85, "refId": "CAG-8:85", "text": "12. the high priest, hardened, bows his face over them day and night?" },{ "n": 86, "refId": "CAG-8:86", "text": "13. Their foundations, their countenance turn . . . ." },{ "n": 87, "refId": "CAG-8:87", "text": "14. Ishtar is angry and troubled over the city of Erech," },{ "n": 88, "refId": "CAG-8:88", "text": "15. the enemies she strikes and like corn on the waters she scatters." },{ "n": 89, "refId": "CAG-8:89", "text": "16. Dwelling in his . . . . Parra . . . ." },{ "n": 90, "refId": "CAG-8:90", "text": "17. he does not lead the expedition?" },{ "n": 91, "refId": "CAG-8:91", "text": "18. The enemies whom thou destroyest do not return to . . . ." },{ "n": 92, "refId": "CAG-8:92", "text": "​19. The great god answered the speech" },{ "n": 93, "refId": "CAG-8:93", "text": "20. The city of Duran to blood . . . ." },{ "n": 94, "refId": "CAG-8:94", "text": "21. the people who are in the midst of it like reeds are trembling" },{ "n": 95, "refId": "CAG-8:95", "text": "22. like sick? before the waters their pit . . . ." },{ "n": 96, "refId": "CAG-8:96", "text": "23. and of me thou dost not leave me" },{ "n": 97, "refId": "CAG-8:97", "text": "24. to the Suti . . . . . . . ." },{ "n": 98, "refId": "CAG-8:98", "text": "25. I in my city Duran judge uprightly" },{ "n": 99, "refId": "CAG-8:99", "text": "27. evil? I do not give and . . . ." },{ "n": 100, "refId": "CAG-8:100", "text": "28. the upright people I leave . . . ." },{ "n": 101, "refId": "CAG-8:101", "text": "01. . . . . swear and the house . . . ." },{ "n": 102, "refId": "CAG-8:102", "text": "02. . . . . country and father . . . ." },{ "n": 103, "refId": "CAG-8:103", "text": "03. . . . . foundation and fixed . . . ." },{ "n": 104, "refId": "CAG-8:104", "text": "04. . . . . house built now . . . ." },{ "n": 105, "refId": "CAG-8:105", "text": "05. this all and the portion . . . ." },{ "n": 106, "refId": "CAG-8:106", "text": "06. the day he brought me fate I . . . ." },{ "n": 107, "refId": "CAG-8:107", "text": "07. him, his seat also he lays waste? . . . ." },{ "n": 108, "refId": "CAG-8:108", "text": "08. Afterwards may he waste to another . . . ." },{ "n": 109, "refId": "CAG-8:109", "text": "09. The warrior Lubara, the just also of Kutha?" },{ "n": 110, "refId": "CAG-8:110", "text": "10. and the unjust also of Kutha," },{ "n": 111, "refId": "CAG-8:111", "text": "11. who sin against thee also in Kutha," },{ "n": 112, "refId": "CAG-8:112", "text": "12. who do not sin against thee also in Kutha," },{ "n": 113, "refId": "CAG-8:113", "text": "13. . . . . of the god of Kutha," },{ "n": 114, "refId": "CAG-8:114", "text": "14. . . . . head of the king of Kutha?" },{ "n": 115, "refId": "CAG-8:115", "text": "01. The planet Jupiter fearing and . . . ." },{ "n": 116, "refId": "CAG-8:116", "text": "04. who the side carried him, destroyed . . . ." },{ "n": 117, "refId": "CAG-8:117", "text": "05. to the seat of the king of the gods may he send and . . . ." },{ "n": 118, "refId": "CAG-8:118", "text": "06. The warrior Lubara heard also" },{ "n": 119, "refId": "CAG-8:119", "text": "07. the words Itak spoke to him then . . . ." },{ "n": 120, "refId": "CAG-8:120", "text": "08. and thus spake the warrior Lubara:" },{ "n": 121, "refId": "CAG-8:121", "text": "09. The sea coast with the sea coast, Subarta with Subarta, Assyrian with Assyrian." },{ "n": 122, "refId": "CAG-8:122", "text": "15. Country with country, house with house, man with man," },{ "n": 123, "refId": "CAG-8:123", "text": "16. brother with brother, in the country close together, and may they destroy each other," },{ "n": 124, "refId": "CAG-8:124", "text": "17. and afterwards may the people of Akkad increase, and" },{ "n": 125, "refId": "CAG-8:125", "text": "18. the whole of them may they destroy, and fight against them." },{ "n": 126, "refId": "CAG-8:126", "text": "19. The warrior Lubara to Itak who goes before him a word spake:" },{ "n": 127, "refId": "CAG-8:127", "text": "20. Go also Itak, in the word thou hast spoken do according to all thy heart." },{ "n": 128, "refId": "CAG-8:128", "text": "21. Itak to the land of Syria set his face," },{ "n": 129, "refId": "CAG-8:129", "text": "​22. and the seven warrior gods unequalled" },{ "n": 130, "refId": "CAG-8:130", "text": "24. To the country of Syria the warrior went," },{ "n": 131, "refId": "CAG-8:131", "text": "25. his hand he also lifted and destroyed the land," },{ "n": 132, "refId": "CAG-8:132", "text": "26. the land of Syria he took for his country," },{ "n": 133, "refId": "CAG-8:133", "text": "27. the forests of people . . . . he broke through the ranks?" },{ "n": 134, "refId": "CAG-8:134", "text": "The next fragments of the story are on a mutilated copy of the last tablet, K 1282. This tablet, as I have before stated, is only a smaller supplemental one to include the end of the story, which could not be written on the fourth tablet." },{ "n": 135, "refId": "CAG-8:135", "text": "02. the gods all of them . . . ." },{ "n": 136, "refId": "CAG-8:136", "text": "03. the angels and spirits all . . . ." },{ "n": 137, "refId": "CAG-8:137", "text": "04. Lubara his mouth opened and . . . ." },{ "n": 138, "refId": "CAG-8:138", "text": "05. shake also the whole of you . . . ." },{ "n": 139, "refId": "CAG-8:139", "text": "06. I am placed? and in the first sin . . . ." },{ "n": 140, "refId": "CAG-8:140", "text": "07. my heart is angry and . . . ." },{ "n": 141, "refId": "CAG-8:141", "text": "08. like a flock of sheep may . . . ." },{ "n": 142, "refId": "CAG-8:142", "text": "09. against the setting up of boundaries . . . ." },{ "n": 143, "refId": "CAG-8:143", "text": "10. like spoiling the country right and . . . ." },{ "n": 144, "refId": "CAG-8:144", "text": "11. in the mouth of a dog noble?" },{ "n": 145, "refId": "CAG-8:145", "text": "Fifteen lines much broken here." },{ "n": 146, "refId": "CAG-8:146", "text": "28. . . . . the land of Akkad its strength . . . ." },{ "n": 147, "refId": "CAG-8:147", "text": "​29. one of thy seven chiefs like . . . ." },{ "n": 148, "refId": "CAG-8:148", "text": "30. his cities to ruins and mounds thou dost reduce . . . ." },{ "n": 149, "refId": "CAG-8:149", "text": "31. his great spoil thou dost spoil, to the midst of . . . ." },{ "n": 150, "refId": "CAG-8:150", "text": "32. the gods of the country strong thou removest afar off . . . ." },{ "n": 151, "refId": "CAG-8:151", "text": "34. the productions of the countries . . . ." },{ "n": 152, "refId": "CAG-8:152", "text": "35. within it they gather . . . ." },{ "n": 153, "refId": "CAG-8:153", "text": "01. For years untold the glory of the great lord . . . ." },{ "n": 154, "refId": "CAG-8:154", "text": "02. When Lubara was angry also to sweep the countries . . . ." },{ "n": 155, "refId": "CAG-8:155", "text": "04. Itak his adviser quieted him and stayed . . . ." },{ "n": 156, "refId": "CAG-8:156", "text": "06. collecting his . . . . to the mighty one of the gods, Merodach son of . . . ." },{ "n": 157, "refId": "CAG-8:157", "text": "07. in the commencement of the night he sent him, and like in the year . . . ." },{ "n": 158, "refId": "CAG-8:158", "text": "09. . . . . and went not down against . . . ." },{ "n": 159, "refId": "CAG-8:159", "text": "10. his . . . . also Lubara received and before . . . ." },{ "n": 160, "refId": "CAG-8:160", "text": "11. . . . . Itak went before him rejoicing . . . ." },{ "n": 161, "refId": "CAG-8:161", "text": "12. . . . . all of them placed with him." },{ "n": 162, "refId": "CAG-8:162", "text": "13. Any one who shall speak of the warrior Lubara" },{ "n": 163, "refId": "CAG-8:163", "text": "​14. and that song shall glorify; in his place, thou wilt guard continually . . . ." },{ "n": 164, "refId": "CAG-8:164", "text": "15. . . . . cover and may he not fall? . . . ." },{ "n": 165, "refId": "CAG-8:165", "text": "16. his name shall be proclaimed over the world." },{ "n": 166, "refId": "CAG-8:166", "text": "17. Whoever my heroism shall recount," },{ "n": 167, "refId": "CAG-8:167", "text": "18. an adversary may he not meet." },{ "n": 168, "refId": "CAG-8:168", "text": "19. The prophet who shall cry it out, shall not die by the chastisement;" },{ "n": 169, "refId": "CAG-8:169", "text": "20. higher than king and prince he shall raise his people." },{ "n": 170, "refId": "CAG-8:170", "text": "21. The tablet writer who studies it and flees from the wicked, shall be great in the land." },{ "n": 171, "refId": "CAG-8:171", "text": "22. In the places of the people the established places, my name they proclaim," },{ "n": 172, "refId": "CAG-8:172", "text": "24. In the house the place where their goods are placed, when Lubara is angry" },{ "n": 173, "refId": "CAG-8:173", "text": "25. may the seven gods turn him aside," },{ "n": 174, "refId": "CAG-8:174", "text": "26. may the chastising sword not touch him whose face thou establishest." },{ "n": 175, "refId": "CAG-8:175", "text": "27. That song for ever may they establish and may they fix the part . . . ." },{ "n": 176, "refId": "CAG-8:176", "text": "28. the countries all of them may they hear, and glorify my heroism;" },{ "n": 177, "refId": "CAG-8:177", "text": "29. the people of all the cities may they see, and exalt my name." },{ "n": 178, "refId": "CAG-8:178", "text": "Fifth tablet of the exploits of . . . ." },{ "n": 179, "refId": "CAG-8:179", "text": "Here we see a picture of Oriental feeling with reference to natural phenomenon or disaster to ​mankind. It is supposed that some deity or angel stands with a sword over the devoted people and sweeps them into eternity." },{ "n": 180, "refId": "CAG-8:180", "text": "What these Babylonians had been guihy of the record is not perfect enough to show. The first fragment shows the anger of Anu at their sin or supposed sin and his command to Lubara to take his weapon, slay the people, and desolate the land like the God Ner. This god Ner was a legendary being believed in at the time of Izdubar, who is mentioned as having a terrible name and being with Etana a dweller in Hades." },{ "n": 181, "refId": "CAG-8:181", "text": "The next fragment exhibits the goddess of Karrak as healing the illness of some of the people, 4102 being mentioned as struck with disease." },{ "n": 182, "refId": "CAG-8:182", "text": "In the next and largest fragment the story becomes a little more connected, it commences with a description of preparation for battle, and goes on through speeches and actions to describe the course of Lubara and his plague over Babylon, where he spares neither chief nor slave, and enters even the palace. It is supposed in lines 29-31 that the sin of the Babylonians arose from the chief priest or governor of the city arming the troops and sending them out to plunder the people. For this the plague is sent, and its progress is graphically described. The next city visited belongs to Shamas, being either Larsa, or Sippara, and then the plague reaches Erech. The character of this city is described, the Venus worship, the women of pleasure Samhati and Harimati, the ​priests and ceremonies, and the progress of the plague over the place. Then the great god the deity of Duran comes forward and pleads for his city, calling to mind its uprightness and justice, and praying its exemption from the plague." },{ "n": 183, "refId": "CAG-8:183", "text": "Cutha is next mentioned in the obscure third column, and then the fourth column describes a prophecy of Lubara that there should be internal war among the Mesopotamian peoples of the sea-coast, Subarti, Assyrians, Elamites, Cosseans, Guti, Goim, and Lulubu, from all which troubles benefit should come to the Akkadians or upper Babylonians." },{ "n": 184, "refId": "CAG-8:184", "text": "Then according to his wish Lubara sends Itak his servant, with the seven warrior gods to destroy Syria, and Itak sweeps over the country and destroys it." },{ "n": 185, "refId": "CAG-8:185", "text": "The last tablet deals in generalities pointing out the action of Lubara when his praise was neglected, and telling all the glories and good that should come to those who should spread a song in honour of this deity. On the spread of a plague it is evident that the Babylonians had no better means of arresting it than to pray and praise the supposed terrible deity of the scourge, that he might sheathe his sword of anger." } ] }, "links": { "self": "/v1/library/books/chaldean-account-of-genesis/chapters/8", "book": "/v1/library/books/chaldean-account-of-genesis/", "chapters": "/v1/library/books/chaldean-account-of-genesis/chapters/", "library": "/v1/library/", "schema": "/v1/schema/book/" } }