{
  "apiVersion": "v1",
  "kind": "Chapter",
  "metadata": {
    "generated": "2026-08-22T14:14:13Z",
    "language": "en",
    "book": "enki-and-ninhursag-woh",
    "chapter": 1
  },
  "data": {
    "n": 1,
    "bookSlug": "enki-and-ninhursag-woh",
    "bookCode": "ENH-WOH",
    "refId": "",
    "title": "Enki and Ninhursag — Dilmun the pure land, the eight plants, and the eight healing-deities",
    "translation": {"track":"translation","version":"1.0.0","sourceText":"ETCSL composite text (1.1.1)","sourceLicense":"ETCSL scholarly source; English original to this project","sourceUrl":"https://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/etcsl.cgi?text=c.1.1.1","sourceAccessedVia":"etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/etcsl.cgi","glossaryVersion":"2.55.0","overlayGlossaryVersion":"1.1.0","modelDrafts":["claude-opus-4-7 (translator)","claude-opus-4-7 (editor)"],"reviewer":"zarazinsfuss","reviewedAt":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","status":"stable","reviewerReport":{"reviewer":"claude-opus-4-7 acting as woh-reviewer","reviewedAt":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","verdicts":[{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:1","status":"approve","citations":["Black-Cunningham-Robson-Zolyomi 2004 The Literature of Ancient Sumer ad loc.; Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Potts 1990 The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity vol. 1; Crawford 1998 Dilmun and Its Gulf Neighbours"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the Dilmun-paradise opening (lines 1-10). Source tokens (iri ki / kug-kug-ga / kur dilmun ki / kug-ga) match the rendering precisely; kug spans pure/holy/shining and the rendering tracks Black et al. The Dilmun-Eden cross-corpus framing is documented in the central entry with the Sitchin / spaceport / Anunnaki-installation disavowals explicit in the rationale (verified at glossary line 9929). Translation surface reads as a defensible scholarly rendering with no WoH-lens leakage."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:11","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96 (foundational); Alster 1983 Dilmun, the Cradle of Civilization; Wenham Genesis 1-15 WBC 1987 on Edenic paradise-by-absence; Westermann Genesis 1-11 BKAT; Watts Isaiah 1-33 WBC 1985 on Isa 11"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the paradise-by-negation sequence (lines 11-28). The Sumerian negative verbal-prefix nu- / na- is consistently rendered with English negation; Isa 11:6-9, Isa 65:25, Rev 21:4 comparanda are framed as structural-rhetorical figure across independent traditions, not genealogical-descent. New central entry paradise-by-negation-...-cross-corpus (claim_type direct) explicitly disavows Christian eschatological pre-resolution. No lens leakage in the negation-formula surface text."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:50","status":"approve","citations":["Speiser Genesis AB 1964 on Gen 2:6 ed as Sumero-Akkadian loanword; Westermann Genesis 1-11 BKAT; Cassuto From Adam to Noah 1961; Sarna Genesis JPS 1989; Horowitz Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography 1998"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the Utu-brings-water-from-below pericope (lines 40-62). Source-gloss verifies ka a ki-a token-translation; the Hebrew ed loanword-philology cross-corpus is documented at the new central entry water-from-below-...-cross-corpus (claim_type inferred, justified by the dual motif-plus-loanword evidence base). The Speiser AB and Westermann BKAT loanword citations are accurate. Per-line commentary at line 50 names the scholarship explicitly. No lens leakage; surface reads as conventional Sumerological-philological prose."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:63","status":"approve","citations":["Wiggermann RlA 9 222-227 Nin-hursag; Jacobsen 1976 Treasures of Darkness; Black et al. 2004"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the Nintur/Damgalnuna/Ninhursag epithet-cluster lines (63-74). Source-gloss confirms dnin-tur5 and ama kalam-ma tokens; the three-name equation (Nintur = Damgalnuna = Ninhursag) is consensus-Sumerological. The existing central entry nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus is correctly applied with 13 ENH refs; overlay entry damgalnuna-ninhursag-equation-sumerian documents the per-composition Damgalnuna identification. No issues."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:70","status":"approve","citations":["Black et al. 2004; central entry zi-an-na-zi-ki-a-nish-ilim-... (single-form variant of dual oath-formula)"],"reasoning":"Verdict for the zi an-na i3-pad3 single-form oath at line 70. The verb pad3 glosses correctly as oath-cutting; the single-form deployment of what is normally the dual zi an-na zi ki-a is correctly framed as an abbreviated invocation rather than a separate formula. Cross-corpus Akkadian nish shame u ersetim and Hebrew chai YHWH sit in the central entry rationale. No issues."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:75","status":"approve","citations":["Stol Birth in Babylonia and the Bible CM 14 2000; Jacobsen Treasures of Darkness 1976; Black et al. 2004; Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 1969 (Atrahasis I.iv parallel)"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the nine-day divine-pregnancy formula across the three pregnancies (lines 75-83, 102-104, 122-123). The day-equals-month telescoping is the canonical Sumerian narrative-time-compression device; overlay entry nine-day-divine-pregnancy-formula-sumerian (claim_type direct) is properly bounded. The Atrahasis I.iv comparative-mythology and the Hebrew prophetic-symbolic-time compression (Dan 9, Ezek 4) comparanda are appropriately framed as functional-comparanda, not philological-cognates. No lens leakage."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:147","status":"approve","citations":["Alster Enki and Ninhursag Acta Sumerologica 1978; Black et al. 2004; Sefati Love Songs in Sumerian Literature 1998; Westermann Genesis 1-11 BKAT on Gen 3 comparanda; Wenham Genesis 1-15 WBC 1987"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the cucumber-apple-grape garden-gift seduction sequence (lines 147-176). Source tokens (ukus2, gish-hashhur, gish-geshtin) glossed correctly to cucumber/apple/grape per lexical-list referents. The Gen 3 cross-corpus parallel is explicitly framed as structural-template only (not etymological); the medieval Latin malum / pomum vernacular substitution is flagged; explicit disavowal of Christian Eve-typology and fall-of-humanity pre-resolution in overlay entry. No lens leakage."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:187","status":"approve","citations":["Black et al. 2004 ad loc.; Malul Studies in Mesopotamian Legal Symbolism AOAT 221 1988"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the Ninhursag-grief / fox-mediator / Anuna-detention block (lines 180-251). Source-gloss verifies tokens. The fox-as-mediator overlay (fox-mediator-sumerian-mythological-figure) and the garment-seizure overlay (garment-seizure-formal-detention-ane) are appropriately bounded as composition-specific; cross-corpus references (Akkadian qarabu sissikta; 1 Sam 15:27; Ruth 3:9; Num 15:38-41 tzitzit) are framed as functional-parallels documented in Malul AOAT 221, Greenberg AB Ezekiel. No issues."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:200","status":"approve","citations":["Alster Enki and Ninhursag Acta Sumerologica 1978; Black et al. 2004; Hallo Origins 1996; Civil MSL 10 (HAR-ra=hubullu XVII) on plant-names; Westermann Genesis 1-11 BKAT; Wenham Genesis 1-15 WBC 1987 on Gen 2-3 forbidden-fruit"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the eight-plants sequence (lines 190-219). Six of eight species correctly noted as botanically-unidentified; u2-lal3 (honey-plant) and u2-A.NUMUN2 (esparto) correctly identified via lexical-list comparison. The Gen 2:17 / 3:6 cross-corpus parallel framed strictly as structural-template (forbidden food causes irreversible body-or-knowledge change) NOT etymological-identity; the comparative ranges across Mesopotamian (Adapa), Greek (Persephone), and Hebrew material. Overlay entry explicitly disavows the Pauline/Augustinian original-sin overlay. Lens-discipline holds."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:220","status":"approve","citations":["CAD M/1 189-195 mamitu; Lambert AfO 18 1957-58; Yaron Laws of Eshnunna 1969; Greenberg JBL 76 1957 on Hebrew oath-particle"],"reasoning":"Verdict for the nam-erim2 kud curse-oath formula at line 220 and Ninhursag's eye-of-life oath at line 221. The Sumerian-Akkadian nam-erim2 / mamitu cognation is well-attested (CAD M/1); the Hebrew functional-comparandum karat alah and the wider karat berit cross-corpus oath-vocabulary are correctly framed. The eye-of-life idiom and its withering-gaze inverse are documented with Num 6:24-26 priestly-benediction face-lifting and Deut 31 hester panim parallels. Overlay entries appropriately bounded."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:256","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96 (foundational); Jacobsen The Harps that Once 1987; Alster Acta Sumerologica 1978; Black et al. 2004; Stol Birth in Babylonia and the Bible CM 14 2000; Geller Ancient Babylonian Medicine 2010; Civil 1964 on Hymn to Ninkasi"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the eight healing-deities birth-by-body-part sequence (lines 254-271). Each body-part / deity pairing verified against source tokens: ugu-dilim2 -> Ab-u (256); pa siki -> Ninsikila (259); giri17 -> Ningiriutud (261); ka -> Ninkasi (263); zi -> Nazi/Nanshe (265); a2 -> Azimua (267); ti -> Ninti (269); zag -> Ensag (271). Overlay entry eight-healing-deities-birth-by-body-part-sequence (claim_type direct) tabulates the eight pairings and flags the two diagnostic pun-deities. New central entry ninkasi-beer-brewing-goddess-sumerian-cross-corpus (claim_type direct) properly bounded with the Hymn to Ninkasi cross-reference and the Hebrew shekhar lexical-cognate noted."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:265","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96 Dilmun the Land of the Living; Jacobsen The Harps that Once 1987; Black-Cunningham-Robson-Zolyomi 2004 (cautious acceptance of Nazi); Falkenstein 1966 Inschriften Gudeas (Nanshe alternative); Heimpel JCS 33 1981 Nanshe Hymn; Selz 1995 Untersuchungen zur Goetterwelt"],"reasoning":"Verdict for the Nazi (alt: Nanshe) surface choice at line 265 (and 277). Source-gloss confirms the cuneiform dna-zi admits both readings: ETCSL assigns lemma nanshe, while Kramer/Jacobsen read Nazi preserving the zi throat/breath/life pun. The Editor surface choice of Nazi (with Nanshe supplied inline per manuscript-variant-inline-rendering-convention) is philologically defensible: the structural-pun parallelism with Ninti at position 7 is the weightiest single argument and is documented in named scholarship. The overlay entry nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun (claim_type inferred, properly so given dueling defensible readings) acknowledges the line-277 Nindara-marriage argues for Nanshe. Dual-rendering preserves both for the reader. Lens-discipline holds (no cross-corpus Hebrew claim made for Nazi)."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:269","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96 (foundational comparative observation); Hallo Origins of the Ancient Near Eastern Religious Traditions 1996; Sarna Genesis JPS Commentary 1989; Wenham Genesis 1-15 WBC 1987 (cautious endorsement); Westermann Genesis 1-11 BKAT (qualified endorsement); Heidel The Babylonian Genesis 2nd ed. 1951; Cassuto From Adam to Noah 1961"],"reasoning":"CRITICAL-PATH VERDICT. The Nin-ti / Eve cross-corpus philological-pun entry is the chapter's largest payoff. Verified independently: (i) source-gloss confirms line 268 ti-gu10 = rib and line 269 dnin-ti lemma nin-ti; the ti / til3 homophony is the documented Sumerian philological fact; (ii) Kramer 1944 BASOR 96 is the foundational comparative-mythology citation, accurately invoked; (iii) the scholarly-reception spectrum (Hallo endorsement; Sarna striking-but-cautioned; Wenham/Westermann qualified endorsement) is fairly represented. Three operational disavowals are spelled out at length and are operationally observed throughout the per-line commentary and the central-entry rationale: (a) no etymological-identity claim (Sumerian language-isolate vs Hebrew NW Semitic - unrelated families); (b) no Christian Eve-typology pre-resolution (Pauline / Marian / Augustinian explicitly out of scope); (c) no project-specific re-framing (no Sumerian-borrowed Eve or engineered female or Eden-as-engineered leakage). Bidirectional sibling-references to Hebrew central entries tzela-side and chavvah-em-kol-chai independently verified in both directions (glossary lines 784 and 1013). claim_type inferred is appropriate. No lens leakage; the surface English (She gave birth to Ninti out [(of it)]) is a defensible scholarly rendering that a Sumerological reader would recognize as standard."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:274","status":"approve","citations":["Potts The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity 1990 vol. 1; Heimpel Das untere Meer ZA 77 1987; Glassner Dilmun Magan and Meluhha 1996; Steinkeller ZA 72 1982; Wiggermann RlA 9 368-373 Nin-gish-zida"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the closing destiny-assignment block (lines 272-280). Magan correctly identified with the Oman peninsula; Ningishzida correctly identified as the chthonic-vegetation deity with the horned-serpent / caduceus iconography (Wiggermann RlA 9 368-373). The closing Ensag-Dilmun assignment correctly noted as returning the composition to the opening Dilmun-paradise frame. Overlay entries for Magan and Ningishzida appropriately bounded. The Nehushtan cross-corpus mention (Num 21:8-9; 2 Kgs 18:4) is properly framed via Cross 1973 and Smith 2002 as functional-parallel, not identity."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:281","status":"approve","citations":["Central entry za-mi-doxological-praise-formula-sumerian-cross-corpus (verified at glossary line 9718)"],"reasoning":"Verdict for the closing za3-mi2 doxology at line 281. The praise-formula is the canonical Sumerian composition-closure; central entry already covered this convention from prior Editor passes. Correct application."},{"refId":"ENH-WOH-1:40","status":"approve","citations":["Project convention lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard (central)"],"reasoning":"Cluster verdict for the six in-line lacunae and their handling (preceding_lacuna fields at lines 40, 142, 164, 190, 235, 245). The dual structured-field-plus-inline-marker convention ratified in overlay title-and-meta-conventions-enki-and-ninhursag (Q.30) is forward-compatible and was applied consistently. Bracket conventions match the project standard from the Flood Story Editor pass. No issues."}],"glossaryReview":[{"glossary_id":"nin-ti-lady-of-rib-lady-of-life-eve-sumerian-philological-pun-cross-corpus","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Hallo 1996; Sarna JPS 1989; Wenham WBC 1987; Westermann BKAT; Heidel 1951; Cassuto 1961; Black et al. 2004; Stol CM 14 2000"],"reasoning":"claim_type=inferred is correct: defensible under named comparative-mythology scholarship without consensus-claim status. The three operational disavowals are explicit and operationally observed; bidirectional sibling-references to tzela-side and chavvah-em-kol-chai are wired both ways (verified). The entry sits at the level of structural-mythological-motif documented in scholarship and does not import Christian-Eve-typology or WoH synthesis. This is the chapter's most-scrutinized entry and it holds."},{"glossary_id":"paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Alster Dilmun 1983; Watts Isaiah 1-33 WBC 1985; Wenham Genesis 1-15 WBC 1987; Aune Revelation WBC 1997; West Hesiod Works and Days 1978"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct for documenting a shared rhetorical-figure observed across independent linguistic traditions. The Isa 11, Isa 65:25, Rev 21:4, and Hesiod Golden Age comparanda are framed as structural-rhetorical parallel, not philological-cognation. Christian-eschatological pre-resolution explicitly disavowed in the rationale. The entry holds."},{"glossary_id":"water-from-below-irrigates-paradise-sumerian-hebrew-cross-corpus","status":"approve","citations":["Speiser Genesis AB 1964; Westermann BKAT; Cassuto From Adam to Noah 1961; Sarna JPS 1989; Wenham WBC 1987; Horowitz Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography 1998"],"reasoning":"claim_type=inferred is appropriately conservative given that this entry makes two complementary claims (motif-parallel plus loanword-philology); both are independently sustained in named scholarship. The Hebrew ed as Sumero-Akkadian loanword is the consensus-Speiser/Westermann/Cassuto reading. Bidirectional back-reference to gan-be-eden verified."},{"glossary_id":"ninkasi-beer-brewing-goddess-sumerian-cross-corpus","status":"approve","citations":["Civil 1964 Hymn to the Beer Goddess; Stol 1994 Beer in Neo-Babylonian Times; Damerow CDLJ 2012; Black et al. 2004"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The Ninkasi identification is consensus-Sumerological; the body-part-of-origin / function pun (ka mouth plus si fill) and the line 276 destiny-as-belly-filler are accurately analyzed. Hebrew shekhar lexical-cognate (Num 6 Nazirite vow) properly noted as cognate-without-deification. No issues."},{"glossary_id":"nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Jacobsen 1987; Black et al. 2004; Falkenstein 1966; Heimpel JCS 33 1981; Selz 1995"],"reasoning":"claim_type=inferred is correctly used to mark this as a dueling-scholarship surface-choice rather than a consensus reading. The structural-pun argument is appropriately weighted as the strongest single reason for the Nazi reading; the Nindara-marriage argument for Nanshe is acknowledged in the rationale. Dual-rendering via manuscript-variant-inline-rendering-convention preserves both for the reader. No cross-corpus Hebrew identity claim is made."},{"glossary_id":"eight-plants-enki-eats-forbidden-food-motif","status":"approve","citations":["Alster Acta Sumerologica 1978; Black et al. 2004; Civil MSL 10 on plant-names; Hallo Origins 1996; Westermann BKAT; Wenham WBC 1987"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct for the documentation of the eight-plant cluster (species-identifications and narrative function). The Gen 2-3 forbidden-fruit cross-corpus is framed strictly as structural-template (forbidden food causes body-altering consequence) across independent traditions including Adapa and Persephone. No Christian fall-of-humanity pre-resolution. No issues."},{"glossary_id":"eight-healing-deities-birth-by-body-part-sequence","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Jacobsen 1987; Alster 1978; Black et al. 2004; Stol CM 14 2000; Geller Ancient Babylonian Medicine 2010"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct for the formulaic-cluster documentation. The eight body-part / deity pairings tabulated; the two pun-deities (Nazi position 5, Ninti position 7) properly flagged. The eight-pain / eight-healing inversion of the eight-plant / eight-illness is the chapter's strongest unifying-structural-figure and is correctly noted."},{"glossary_id":"nine-day-divine-pregnancy-formula-sumerian","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Alster 1978; Black et al. 2004; Jacobsen 1976; Stol CM 14 2000; Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 1969"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The day-equals-month telescoping is a documented Sumerian narrative-device. Atrahasis I.iv comparandum framed as functional-parallel; Hebrew prophetic-symbolic-time compression (Dan 9, Ezek 4) framed as functional-comparandum, not philological-cognate. Appropriate overlay placement (recurrence across composition; future ANE Editor passes may promote to central)."},{"glossary_id":"fox-mediator-sumerian-mythological-figure","status":"approve","citations":["Alster 1978; Alster Proverbs of Ancient Sumer 1997; Black RA 1989 Sumerian Catalogue of Foxes; Vanstiphout Aula Orientalis 1986"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The fox-as-trickster-mediator role is consensus-Sumerological and well-supported by the OB Sumerian fox-fable corpus and proverbs. Cross-cultural trickster-fox comparanda (Aesop, Reynard, kitsune) framed as cross-cultural-typology, not identity."},{"glossary_id":"cucumber-apple-grape-garden-gift-seduction-sumerian-cross-corpus","status":"approve","citations":["Alster 1978; Black et al. 2004; Sefati Love Songs in Sumerian Literature 1998; Westermann BKAT; Wenham WBC 1987; Sarna JPS 1989"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The three plant-name lexemes are securely-identified in Mesopotamian orchard-vocabulary. Gen 3 cross-corpus is framed as structural-template only (garden-fruit narrative pattern), not etymological-cognation; the medieval Latin malum vernacular substitution flagged. Explicit Christian-Eve-typology disavowal. Sound."},{"glossary_id":"damgalnuna-ninhursag-equation-sumerian","status":"approve","citations":["Wiggermann RlA 6.1 81-83 Damgalnuna/Damkina; Wiggermann RlA 9 222-227 Nin-hursag; Jacobsen 1976; Black et al. 2004; Krebernik ZA 76 1986"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The Damgalnuna = Ninhursag = Nintur equation is consensus in this composition's onomastic system; the Akkadian Damkina (Marduk's mother) cross-corpus is properly framed as cognate-form cultic-shift. No issues."},{"glossary_id":"isimud-vizier-of-enki-sumerian","status":"approve","citations":["Wiggermann RlA 6 422-424 Usmu/Isimud; Richter AOAT 257 2004; Krebernik RlA 9 503-509"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The Isimud/Usmu two-faced messenger and the sukkal office-tradition are consensus-Mesopotamian. The Hebrew sar functional-comparandum is appropriately framed without identity-claim."},{"glossary_id":"magan-toponym-ane-trade-geography","status":"approve","citations":["Steinkeller ZA 72 1982; Potts The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity 1990; Heimpel ZA 77 1987; Glassner 1996; Crawford 1998"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The Magan-as-Oman-peninsula identification is consensus-archaeological. The Hebrew Kush / Sumerian Meluhha comparandum properly framed as functionally-analogous-but-etymologically-distinct."},{"glossary_id":"ningishzida-chthonic-vegetation-deity-sumerian","status":"approve","citations":["Wiggermann RlA 9 368-373 Nin-gish-zida; Wiggermann Mesopotamian Protective Spirits 1992; Jacobsen 1976; Joines Serpent Symbolism in the OT 1974; Cross 1973; Smith 2002"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The Ningishzida horned-serpent / caduceus iconography is well-documented in cylinder-seal art; the Adapa heaven-gatekeeper role is canonical. The Hebrew Nehushtan (Num 21:8-9; 2 Kgs 18:4) functional-parallel is framed via Cross and Smith without identity-claim."},{"glossary_id":"nam-erim-curse-oath-cutting-formula-sumerian","status":"approve","citations":["CAD M/1 189-195 mamitu; Lambert AfO 18 1957-58; Yaron Laws of Eshnunna 1969; Greenberg JBL 76 1957"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The Sumerian-Akkadian nam-erim2 / mamitu cognation is well-attested across legal-tablet corpora and the Maqlu/Shurpu incantations. The Hebrew karat alah and karat berit functional-equivalents are properly framed via Greenberg JBL."},{"glossary_id":"eye-of-life-sumerian-paradisal-gaze-idiom","status":"approve","citations":["Balentine The Hidden God OBS 1983; Miller They Cried to the Lord 1994; Abusch Babylonian Witchcraft Literature 1987; Abusch in Mesopotamian Witchcraft 2002"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The i-bi2 nam-til3-la idiom and its withering-gaze inverse are documented in Mesopotamian incantation corpora. The Hebrew priestly-benediction face-lifting (Num 6:24-26) and hester panim (Deut 31:17-18; Isa 8:17, 54:8) cross-corpus parallels are framed as functional-comparanda, not philological-cognates."},{"glossary_id":"garment-seizure-formal-detention-ane","status":"approve","citations":["Malul Studies in Mesopotamian Legal Symbolism AOAT 221 1988 (foundational); Greenberg Ezekiel 1-20 AB 1983; Daube Studies in Biblical Law 1947; Tigay Deuteronomy JPS 1996"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The hem-grasping legal-act is documented across Akkadian (qarabu/sabatu sissikta), Hebrew (1 Sam 15:27; Ruth 3:9; Hag 2:12-13; Num 15:38-41 tzitzit). Malul AOAT 221 is the foundational study and is correctly cited. Appropriate overlay placement pending future cross-corpus expansion."},{"glossary_id":"title-and-meta-conventions-enki-and-ninhursag","status":"approve","citations":["ETCSL cataloguing; Black-Cunningham-Robson-Zolyomi 2004; Foster Before the Muses"],"reasoning":"claim_type=direct is correct. The composition title follows ETCSL / Black et al. convention with the project anglicization of Ninhursaga to Ninhursag. The Q.30 dual structured-preceding_lacuna plus inline marker convention is forward-compatible and a sensible ratification."},{"glossary_id":"dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus (extended appliesTo)","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Kramer Antiquity 37 1963; Alster Dilmun, the Cradle of Civilization 1983; Potts 1990; Crawford 1998; Jacobsen Treasures of Darkness 1976"],"reasoning":"The existing central entry is the canonical Dilmun-paradise governance and its extension with 13 ENH refs is correctly applied. The lens-discipline disavowal block at the end of the rationale (Sitchin spaceport / DUR.AN.KI / Anunnaki-installation explicitly disavowed) holds."},{"glossary_id":"tzela-side / chavvah-em-kol-chai / gan-be-eden (bidirectional back-references)","status":"approve","citations":["Kramer 1944 BASOR 96; Hallo Origins 1996; Sarna JPS 1989; Wenham WBC 1987; Westermann BKAT; Speiser Genesis AB 1964; Cassuto 1961"],"reasoning":"Bidirectional back-references on the three Hebrew central entries verified independently both ways (glossary lines 706, 784, 1013). The back-reference prose includes the structural-mythological-motif-not-philological-cognation disavowal explicitly. The wiring is clean."}],"lens-leakage-flags":[]}},
    "segments": [],
    "lines": [
  {
    "n": 1,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:1",
    "translit": "iri^ki kug-kug-ga-am3 e-ne ba-am3-me-en-ze2-en kur dilmun^ki kug-ga-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The city is pure — those who are you — the land of Dilmun is pure."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The composition opens with the canonical Sumerian Dilmun-paradise formula: the toponym *kur dilmun^ki* is qualified by the adjective *kug* 'pure / holy / shining' and (in following lines) by its near-synonyms *sikil* 'pure / virginal' and *dadag* 'bright'. *kur dilmun* — literally 'the (mountain-)land Dilmun' — is the archaeologically-attested Bahrain-archipelago and adjacent eastern-Arabian-Gulf region, attested in third-millennium BCE trade-tablets as an emporium for the Indus-Gulf-Mesopotamia network. The literary tradition makes Dilmun the **eastern paradise-land**, and this composition is the most-developed Sumerian source for that tradition (Kramer 'Dilmun, the Land of the Living' *BASOR* 96 (1944); Kramer 'Dilmun: Quest for Paradise' *Antiquity* 37 (1963); Alster *Dilmun, the Cradle of Civilization* 1983; D. T. Potts *The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity* 1990; Crawford *Dilmun and Its Gulf Neighbours* 1998).\n\nThe Dilmun-paradise tradition pairs cross-corpus with the Hebrew Gen 2:8 *gan b-Eden mi-qedem* 'a garden in Eden, in the east' (see Hebrew central entry `gan-be-eden`). The comparative-mythology link — the **eastern-paradise locus** as a structural feature of both Sumerian and Hebrew cosmography — is documented as named scholarship: Albright 'The Mouth of the Rivers' *AJSL* 35 (1919); Heidel *The Babylonian Genesis* 1942; Cassuto *From Adam to Noah* 1961; Jacobsen *The Treasures of Darkness* 1976; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987; Hallo *Origins* 1996; Sarna *Genesis* JPS Commentary 1989. The link is **comparative-mythology and shared cosmographic motif**, not philological cognation (Sumerian and Hebrew belong to unrelated language-families; *Dilmun* is not etymologically related to *Eden*). The popular-fringe interpretations of Dilmun as a spaceport (Sitchin) or as an Anunnaki-installation are not engaged here; the central entry `dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus` documents the disavowals.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒆬𒆬𒂵𒀀𒀭 𒂊𒉈 𒁀𒀀𒀭𒈨𒂗𒍢𒂗 𒆳  𒆬𒂵𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 2,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:2",
    "translit": "ki-en-gi kug-ga e-ne ba-am3-me-en-ze2-en kur dilmun^ki kug-ga-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Sumer is pure — those who are you — the land of Dilmun is pure."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠𒂗𒄀 𒆬𒂵 𒂊𒉈 𒁀𒀀𒀭𒈨𒂗𒍢𒂗 𒆳  𒆬𒂵𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 3,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:3",
    "translit": "kur dilmun^ki kug-ga-am3 kur dilmun sikil-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The land of Dilmun is pure; the land of Dilmun is pure."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆳  𒆬𒂵𒀀𒀭 𒆳 𒉌𒌇 𒂖𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 4,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:4",
    "translit": "kur dilmun^ki sikil-am3 kur dilmun^ki dadag-ga-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The land of Dilmun is pure; the land of Dilmun is bright."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆳  𒂖𒀀𒀭 𒆳  𒌓𒌓𒂵𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 5,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:5",
    "translit": "dili-ni-ne dilmun^ki-a u3-bi2-in-nu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "When alone, he lay down in Dilmun —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀸𒉌𒉈 𒀀 𒅇𒉈𒅔𒈿",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 6,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:6",
    "translit": "ki ^den-ki dam-a-ni-da ba-an-da-nu2-a-ba",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the place where Enki lay down with his spouse —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠 𒀭𒂗𒆠 𒁮𒀀𒉌𒁕 𒁀𒀭𒁕𒈿𒀀𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 7,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:7",
    "translit": "ki-bi sikil-am3 ki-bi dadag-ga-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "that place is pure, that place is bright."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠𒁉 𒂖𒀀𒀭 𒆠𒁉 𒌓𒌓𒂵𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 8,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:8",
    "translit": "dili-ni-ne dilmun^ki-a u3-bi2-in-nu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "When alone, he lay down in Dilmun —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀸𒉌𒉈 𒀀 𒅇𒉈𒅔𒈿",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 9,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:9",
    "translit": "ki ^den-ki ^dnin-sikil-la ba-an-da-nu2-a-ba",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the place where Enki lay down with Ninsikila —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠 𒀭𒂗𒆠 𒀭𒎏𒂖𒆷 𒁀𒀭𒁕𒈿𒀀𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 10,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:10",
    "translit": "ki-bi sikil-am3 ki-bi dadag-ga-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "that place is pure, that place is bright."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠𒁉 𒂖𒀀𒀭 𒆠𒁉 𒌓𒌓𒂵𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 11,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:11",
    "translit": "dilmun^ki-a uga^mušen gu3-gu3 nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "In Dilmun the raven was uttering no cry,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Lines 11-28 are the famous **paradise-by-negation** rhetorical sequence: Dilmun is described not by what it has but by what it lacks. The raven utters no cry; the predator does not predate; the eye-sick one does not say 'I am sick'; the old woman does not say 'I am old'; the herald does not patrol the border; the singer raises no lament. The rhetorical figure defines paradise by enumerated negations of ordinary-world phenomena — illness, predation, aging, social-discord, lament. The Sumerian construction repeats the negative verbal-prefix *nu-* / *na-* across the sequence to mark each absence; the cumulative effect is a paradise whose substance is **the absence of the conditions of ordinary life**.\n\nThe figure is cross-corpus comparative-mythology shared with several Hebrew and wider-ANE paradise-traditions. **Isaiah 11:6-9** — the *ve-gar ze'ev im-keves* 'the wolf shall dwell with the lamb' messianic peaceable-kingdom — deploys the **no-predation** sub-pattern directly. **Isaiah 65:25** repeats the wolf-and-lamb image in a parallel eschatological-paradise frame. **Revelation 21:4** *ouk estai eti thanatos oude penthos* 'there shall be no more death, neither sorrow' deploys the **no-illness/no-lament** sub-pattern. **Genesis 2-3** carries the same paradise-by-implicit-negation: in Eden death does not occur until the disruption of Gen 3, and the absence-of-death is part of the garden's diagnostic state. **Hesiod *Works and Days* 109-126** describes the Golden Age in parallel-negative terms (no toil, no aging, no death-as-experienced-evil).\n\nNamed scholarship: Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96 (the foundational comparative observation); Alster *Dilmun, the Cradle of Civilization* 1983; Black-Cunningham-Robson-Zolyomi 2004; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987 on the Edenic paradise-by-absence; Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT on the comparative-mythology context; Sarna *Genesis* JPS 1989; on Isaiah 11: J. D. W. Watts *Isaiah 1-33* WBC 1985; on the wider ANE paradise-traditions: M. Stol 'Old Babylonian Cattle' BSA 8 (1995) on the predator-and-prey topos in Mesopotamian wisdom-literature. The pattern is a **structural-comparative-mythology** observation across independent traditions converging on the diagnostic 'paradise = absence of disruption'; no etymological-genealogical claim is made between the Sumerian and the Hebrew or NT material. See central entry `paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus",
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀  𒅗𒅗 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 12,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:12",
    "translit": "dar^mušen-e gu3 dar^mušen-re nu-mu-ni-ib-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the francolin uttered no francolin-cry,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂊 𒅗 𒊑 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒅁𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 13,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:13",
    "translit": "ur-gu-la saĝ ĝiš nu-ub-ra-ra",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the lion did not strike with the head;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌨𒄖𒆷 𒊕 𒄑 𒉡𒌒𒊏𒊏",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 14,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:14",
    "translit": "ur-bar-ra-ke4 sila4 nu-ub-kar-re",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the wolf was not snatching lambs,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌨𒁇𒊏𒆤 𒃢 𒉡𒌒𒋼𒀀𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 15,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:15",
    "translit": "ur-gir15 maš2 gam-gam nu-ub-zu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the dog had not learned to make kids crouch,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌨𒂠 𒈧 𒃵𒃵 𒉡𒌒𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 16,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:16",
    "translit": "šaḫ2 še gu7-gu7-e nu-ub-zu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the pig had not learned to devour grain."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒊺 𒅥𒅥𒂊 𒉡𒌒𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 17,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:17",
    "translit": "nu-mu-un-su2 munu4 ur3-ra barag2-ga-ba",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "When a widow had spread malt on the roof,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉡𒈬𒌦𒍪 𒉽𒉽 𒃡𒊏 𒁖𒂵𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 18,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:18",
    "translit": "mušen-e an-na munu4-bi na-an-gu7-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the birds of heaven were not devouring that malt above."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄷𒂊 𒀭𒈾 𒉽𒉽𒁉 𒈾𒀭𒅥𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 19,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:19",
    "translit": "tum12^mušen-e saĝ nu-mu-un-da-RU-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The dove was not turning its head with it."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂊 𒊕 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒁕𒊒𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 20,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:20",
    "translit": "igi-gig-e igi-gig-me-en nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The eye-sick one was not saying, 'I am eye-sick.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒅆𒍼𒂊 𒅆𒍼𒈨𒂗 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 21,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:21",
    "translit": "saĝ-gig-e saĝ-gig-me-en nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The headache-sufferer was not saying, 'I am sick with a headache.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒊕𒍼𒂊 𒊕𒍼𒈨𒂗 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 22,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:22",
    "translit": "um-ma-bi um-ma-me-en nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Its old woman was not saying, 'I am an old woman.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌝𒈠𒁉 𒌝𒈠𒈨𒂗 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 23,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:23",
    "translit": "ab-ba-bi ab-ba-me-en nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Its old man was not saying, 'I am an old man.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀊𒁀𒁉 𒀊𒁀𒈨𒂗 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 24,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:24",
    "translit": "ki-sikil a nu-tu5-a-ni iri-a nu-mu-ni-ib-sig10-ge",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "No unwashed maiden was made conspicuous in the city."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠𒂖 𒀀 𒉡𒋗𒉀𒀀𒉌 𒌷𒀀 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒅁𒋧𒄀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 25,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:25",
    "translit": "lu2 id2-da bal-e ĝi6-de3 nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The man crossing the river was uttering no cry of distress at night."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽 𒀀𒇉𒁕 𒁄𒂊 𒈪𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 26,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:26",
    "translit": "niĝir-e zag-ga-na nu-um-niĝin2-niĝin2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The herald did not patrol his border-district."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂇𒂊 𒍠𒂵𒈾 𒉡𒌝𒆸𒆸",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 27,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:27",
    "translit": "nar-e e-lu-lam nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The singer was not uttering a lament."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈜𒂊 𒂊𒇻𒇴 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 28,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:28",
    "translit": "zag iri-ka i-lu nu-mu-ni-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "At the edge of the city, no wailing was being uttered."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "paradise-by-negation-no-predation-no-illness-no-aging-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒍠 𒌷𒅗 𒄿𒇻 𒉡𒈬𒉌𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 29,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:29",
    "translit": "^dnin-sikil-la a-a-ni ^den-ki-ra gu3 mu-na-de2-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninsikila spoke to her father Enki, saying:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒂖𒆷 𒀀𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒂗𒆠𒊏 𒅗 𒈬𒈾𒌤𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 30,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:30",
    "translit": "iri mu-e-šum2 iri mu-e-šum2 nam-ĝu10 šum2-ma-zu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'You have given a city, you have given a city — but what is your gift to me?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷 𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒌷 𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒉆𒈬 𒋧𒈠𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 31,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:31",
    "translit": "dilmun iri mu-e-šum2 iri mu-e-šum2 nam-ĝu10 šum2-ma-zu>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Dilmun: you have given a city, you have given a city — but what is your gift to me?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌𒌇 𒌷 𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒌷 𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒉆𒈬 𒋧𒈠𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 32,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:32",
    "translit": "[X X] mu-e-šum2 iri mu-e-šum2 nam-ĝu10 šum2-ma-zu>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... you have given, you have given a city — but what is your gift to me?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "  𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒌷 𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒉆𒈬 𒋧𒈠𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 33,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:33",
    "translit": "[iri kar] id2-da nu-un-tuku-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[A city whose] quay no watercourse possesses' —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷 𒋼𒀀 𒀀𒇉𒁕 𒉡𒌦𒌇𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 34,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:34",
    "translit": "[X X] mu-e-šum2 iri mu-e-šum2 nam-ĝu10 šum2-ma-zu>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... you have given, you have given a city — but what is your gift to me?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "  𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒌷 𒈬𒂊𒋧 𒉆𒈬 𒋧𒈠𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 35,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:35",
    "translit": "[…] X […] X",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "   ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 36,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:36",
    "translit": "[iri a-šag4] a-gar3 [ab-sin2 nu-un-tuku]-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[A city without field,] without meadow, [without furrow] —'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷 𒀀𒊮 𒀀𒃼 𒀊𒉆 𒉡𒌦𒌇𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 40,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:40",
    "translit": "[^dutu an-na gub-be2-e]",
    "preceding_lacuna": {
      "text": "3 lines missing",
      "lines_missing": 3,
      "category": "missing",
      "i18n": {
        "en": "[3 lines missing.]"
      }
    },
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[3 lines missing.] '[Utu, standing in heaven] —'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "utu-shamash-sun-god-justice-divinity-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒀭𒈾 𒁺𒁉𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 41,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:41",
    "translit": "[gir16 DU-a gaba EZEN^ki-na-ta]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'from the breast of his stepping out at the Ezen-temple —'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄌 𒁺𒀀 𒃮 𒈾𒋫",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 42,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:42",
    "translit": "[e2-suḫur si ^dnanna-a-ta]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'from the summit-shrine, splendor of Nanna —'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂍 𒋛 𒀭𒋀𒆠𒀀𒋫",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 43,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:43",
    "translit": "[ka a ki-a DU.DU-ta a dug3 ki-ta … DU]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'from the mouth where the water runs out of the earth — sweet water coming forth from the earth ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒅗 𒀀 𒆠𒀀 𒋫 𒀀 𒄭 𒆠𒋫  𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 44,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:44",
    "translit": "ĝiri3-ma-an gal-la-za a ḫe2-em-ta-ed3-de3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'into your great basin let the water rise up.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄊𒈠𒀭 𒃲𒆷𒍝 𒀀 𒅎𒋫𒇯𒁺𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 45,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:45",
    "translit": "iri-zu a ḫe2-ĝal2-la ḫu-mu-ra-na8-na8",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'May your city drink water of abundance through that.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷𒍪 𒀀 𒅅𒆷 𒈬𒊏𒅘𒅘",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 46,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:46",
    "translit": "dilmun^ki a ḫe2- ḫu-mu-ra-na8-na8>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'May Dilmun drink water of <abundance> through that.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus",
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒀀  𒈬𒊏𒅘𒅘",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 47,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:47",
    "translit": "pu2 a sis-a-zu pu2 a dug3-ga ḫe2-em",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'May your wells of bitter water become wells of sweet water.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒇥 𒀀 𒋀𒀀𒍪 𒇥 𒀀 𒄭𒂵 𒅎",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 48,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:48",
    "translit": "iri-zu e2-gun2 kar-ra kalam-ma-ka ḫe2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'May your city become a storehouse-quay of the Land.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷𒍪 𒂍𒄘 𒋼𒀀𒊏 𒌧𒈠𒅗 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 49,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:49",
    "translit": "dilmun^ki e2- kar-ra kalam-ma-ka ḫe2-a>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'May Dilmun become a store<house>-quay of the Land.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus",
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒂍 𒋼𒀀𒊏 𒌧𒈠𒅗 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 50,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:50",
    "translit": "i3-ne-eš2 ^dutu ud ne-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Now, Utu of this day —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Lines 40-62 narrate the sun-god Utu's bringing-up of sweet water from below to irrigate Dilmun. The Sumerian *ka a ki-a DU.DU-ta a dug3 ki-ta* (43, 54) — 'from the mouth where the water runs out of the earth, sweet water from the earth' — is the diagnostic image: water rises from a subterranean source through a *ka* 'mouth' / aperture and is delivered into the *ĝiri3-ma-an gal* 'great basin' of the land. Utu's role here is the celestial-and-cosmic agent who effects the water-from-below — paralleling his more familiar function as the celestial sun and divine-judge (see central entry `utu-shamash-sun-god-justice-divinity-cross-corpus`).\n\nThe motif pairs cross-corpus with **Gen 2:6** *ve-ed ya'aleh min ha-aretz ve-hishqah et kol pnei ha-adamah* — 'and a mist (or watercourse) used to go up from the earth and water the whole face of the ground'. Both texts deploy the same structural image: **water rises from below to irrigate the paradisal land**, and the irrigation precedes (or grounds) the larger creation-or-paradise narrative. The Hebrew *ed* is itself a Sumero-Akkadian loanword (*id* / *edû* 'watercourse / spring-flood'; Speiser *Genesis* AB 1964; Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT; Sarna *Genesis* JPS 1989), which suggests philological as well as motif-level Mesopotamian influence on the Hebrew Eden-prelude.\n\nNamed scholarship: Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96; Hallo *Origins* 1996 on Dilmun-Eden cross-corpus; Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT on Gen 2:6; Cassuto *From Adam to Noah* 1961 on the *ed*; Speiser *Genesis* AB 1964 on the Mesopotamian loanword; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987; on the wider Mesopotamian water-cosmology: Horowitz *Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography* 1998. The cross-corpus motif is documented as a **structural-cosmographic-parallel** (water-from-below as paradisal-irrigation); no claim is advanced beyond what named comparative scholarship supports. See central entry `water-from-below-irrigates-paradise-sumerian-hebrew-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "utu-shamash-sun-god-justice-divinity-cross-corpus",
      "water-from-below-irrigates-paradise-sumerian-hebrew-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌𒉈𒂠 𒀭𒌓 𒌓 𒉈𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 51,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:51",
    "translit": "^dutu an-na gub-be2-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Utu, standing in heaven,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "utu-shamash-sun-god-justice-divinity-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒌓 𒀭𒈾 𒁺𒁉𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 52,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:52",
    "translit": "gir16 DU-a gaba EZEN^ki-na-ta",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "from the breast of his stepping out at the Ezen-temple,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄌 𒁺𒀀 𒃮 𒈾𒋫",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 53,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:53",
    "translit": "/e2\\-suḫur si ^dnanna-a-ta",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "from the summit-shrine, splendor of Nanna,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂍 𒋛 𒀭𒋀𒆠𒀀𒋫",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 54,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:54",
    "translit": "ka a ki-a DU.DU-ta a dug3 ki-ta mu-na-ra-DU",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "from the mouth where the water runs out of the earth — sweet water came forth from the earth for her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒅗 𒀀 𒆠𒀀 𒋫 𒀀 𒄭 𒆠𒋫 𒈬𒈾𒊏𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 55,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:55",
    "translit": "ĝiri3-[ma-an] gal-la-na a im-ta-ed3-de3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Into her great [basin] the water rose up."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄊𒈠𒀭 𒃲𒆷𒈾 𒀀 𒅎𒋫𒇯𒁺𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 56,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:56",
    "translit": "iri-ni a ḫe2-ĝal2-la im-ta-na8-na8",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Her city drank water of abundance through it."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷𒉌 𒀀 𒅅𒆷 𒅎𒋫𒅘𒅘",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 57,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:57",
    "translit": "dilmun^ki a ḫe2- im-ta-na8-na8>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Dilmun drank water of <abundance> through it."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus",
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒀀  𒅎𒋫𒅘𒅘",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 58,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:58",
    "translit": "pu2 a sis-a-ni pu2> a dug3-ga na-nam",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Her wells of bitter water became indeed wells of sweet water."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒇥 𒀀 𒋀𒀀𒉌 𒇥 𒀀 𒄭𒂵 𒈾𒉆",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 59,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:59",
    "translit": "a-šag4 a-gar3 ab-sin2-a-ni še mu-na-ab-/X-šum2^?\\",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Her field, her meadow, her furrow brought forth grain for her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀𒊮 𒀀𒃼 𒀊𒉆𒀀𒉌 𒊺 𒈬𒈾𒀊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 60,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:60",
    "translit": "iri-ni e2-gun2 kar-ra kalam-ma-ka na-nam",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Her city became indeed a storehouse-quay of the Land."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷𒉌 𒂍𒄘 𒋼𒀀𒊏 𒌧𒈠𒅗 𒈾𒉆",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 61,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:61",
    "translit": "dilmun^ki e2-gun2 kar-ra kalam-ma-ka na-nam>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Dilmun became indeed a storehouse-quay of the Land."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒂍𒄘 𒋼𒀀𒊏 𒌧𒈠𒅗 𒈾𒉆",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 62,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:62",
    "translit": "i3-ne-eš2 ^dutu ud ne-a ur5 ḫe2-na-nam-ma",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Now, Utu of this day — so it was indeed."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "utu-shamash-sun-god-justice-divinity-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌𒉈𒂠 𒀭𒌓 𒌓 𒉈𒀀 𒄯 𒈾𒉆𒈠",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 63,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:63",
    "translit": "dili-ni ( TAR) ĝeštug2-ge tuku-a ^dnin-tur5 ama kalam-ma-še3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She, the wise alone, to Nintur the mother of the Land —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "*Nintur* (the Lady of birth) is here named as *ama kalam-ma* 'mother of the Land' — one of the standard cult-epithets of the Sumerian birth-goddess. The text uses Nintur, Damgalnuna, and Ninhursag interchangeably as names of the same goddess; see central entry `nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus` for the epithet-cluster scholarship.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀸𒉌  𒋻 𒄑𒌆𒉿𒄀 𒌇𒀀 𒀭𒎏𒌅 𒂼 𒌧𒈠𒂠",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 64,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:64",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ĝeštug2-ge tuku-a ^dnin-tur5 ama kalam-ma-še3>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki, the wise one, to Nintur the mother of the Land —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒄑𒌆𒉿𒄀 𒌇𒀀 𒀭𒎏𒌅 𒂼 𒌧𒈠𒂠",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 65,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:65",
    "translit": "ĝiš3-a-ni eg2-a ba-an-ši-in-dun-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "his penis he dug into the embankment for her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒍑𒀀𒉌 𒂊𒀀 𒁀𒀭𒅆𒅔𒂄𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 66,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:66",
    "translit": "ĝiš3-a-ni gi-a gir5-gir5-e ba-an-ši-gir5-gir5-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "His penis he sank into the reeds for her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒍑𒀀𒉌 𒄀𒀀 𒁽𒁽𒂊 𒁀𒀭𒅆𒁽𒁽𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 67,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:67",
    "translit": "ĝiš3-a-ni bar-še3 maḫ-ḫe ša-ba-ra-an-zi-zi",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "His penis he raised forth majestically from there."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒍑𒀀𒉌 𒁇𒂠  𒊭𒁀𒊏𒀭𒍣𒍣",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 68,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:68",
    "translit": "gu3 bi2-in-de2 ambar-ra lu2 nu-mu-un-dab-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He called out: 'In the marsh let no man seize me!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒅗 𒉈𒅔𒌤 𒆹𒊏 𒇽 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒁳𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 69,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:69",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 gu3 bi2-in-de2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki called out:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒅗 𒉈𒅔𒌤",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 70,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:70",
    "translit": "zi an-na i3-pad3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'By the life of heaven, I swear it!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The single-form oath *zi an-na* 'life of heaven' is the simplified variant of the standard Mesopotamian dual oath-formula *zi an-na zi ki-a* 'by the life of heaven and the life of earth' (see central entry `zi-an-na-zi-ki-a-nish-ilim-oath-by-life-of-heaven-and-earth-cross-corpus` for the full Sumerian–Akkadian–Hebrew oath-formula cluster). The verb *pad3* 'to find / to invoke (in oath)' is the standard Sumerian oath-cutting verb. The full dual-form oath-formula and the cross-corpus comparanda (Akkadian *nīš šamê u erṣetim*; Hebrew *chai YHWH*; Matt 5:34-37 reception-history) are documented at the central entry; this single-form deployment is the abbreviated invocation.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus",
      "zi-an-na-zi-ki-a-nish-ilim-oath-by-life-of-heaven-and-earth-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒍣 𒀭𒈾 𒉌𒅆𒊒",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 71,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:71",
    "translit": "nu2-a ambar-ra nu2-a ambar-ra giri17-zal",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He lay with her in the marsh; he lay with her in the marsh, in joy."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒈿𒀀 𒆹𒊏 𒈿𒀀 𒆹𒊏 𒅗𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 72,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:72",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 a ^ddam-gal-nun-na-ka-ni mi-ni-in-dug4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki had his semen poured for Damgalnuna."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "*Damgalnuna* (literally 'great spouse of the princely-one (*Nun* = Enki)') is the consort of Enki under one of her several names. The next line (73) names the recipient of the semen as *Ninhursag*; the immediate juxtaposition equates the two — Damgalnuna and Ninhursag are the same goddess under different epithets (see central entry `nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus` for the multi-epithet birth-goddess cluster; the overlay entry `damgalnuna-ninhursag-equation-sumerian` documents the per-composition Damgalnuna identification).",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus",
      "damgalnuna-ninhursag-equation-sumerian"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀀 𒀭𒁮𒃲𒉣𒈾𒅗𒉌 𒈪𒉌𒅔𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 73,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:73",
    "translit": "^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2-ke4 a šag4-ga ba-ni-in-ri",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninhursag took the semen into her womb, the semen of Enki."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷𒆤 𒀀 𒊮𒂵 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 74,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:74",
    "translit": "a šag4-ga šu ba-ni-in-ti a ^den-ki-ka3-ka",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She received the semen into her womb, the semen of Enki."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀 𒊮𒂵 𒋗 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒋾 𒀀 𒀭𒂗𒆠𒂵𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 75,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:75",
    "translit": "ud 1-am3 itid 1-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "One day was for her one month."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Lines 75-83 (and the parallel sequences at 102-104, 122-123) deploy the **nine-day divine pregnancy** formula: 'one day was for her one month ... nine days were for her nine months, the months of womanhood'. The one-day-equals-one-month telescoping accelerates the ordinary nine-month human gestation into nine days of divine time, signaling the divinity of the mother (Ninhursag, then her daughter Ninnisig, then Ninkura) and the divinity of the offspring. The formula recurs three times in this composition (each generational pregnancy in the Enki-fathered line). See overlay entry `nine-day-divine-pregnancy-formula-sumerian` for the cross-corpus comparative-mythology context (Atrahasis I.iv parallel; Akkadian *birth-of-the-divine-child* formulae).",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "nine-day-divine-pregnancy-formula-sumerian"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 76,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:76",
    "translit": "ud 2-am3 itid 2-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Two days were for her two months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 77,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:77",
    "translit": "ud 3-am3 itid 3-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Three days were for her three months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 78,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:78",
    "translit": "ud 4-am3 itid 4-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Four days were for her four months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 79,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:79",
    "translit": "ud 5-am3 itid 5-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Five days were for her five months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 80,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:80",
    "translit": "ud 6-am3 itid 6-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Six days were for her six months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 81,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:81",
    "translit": "[ud] 7-am3 itid 7-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Seven] days were for her seven months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 82,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:82",
    "translit": "[ud] 8-am3 itid 8-a-ni>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Eight] days were for her eight <months>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 83,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:83",
    "translit": "[ud] 9-am3 itid 9-a-ni itid nam-munus-a-ka",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Nine] days were for her nine months, the months of womanhood."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌 𒌗 𒉆𒊩𒀀𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 84,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:84",
    "translit": "[i3 li-gin7 i3] li^?-gin7 i3-ḫe-nun-na-gin7",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Like [fine oil, like] fine oil, like the oil of abundance,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌 𒇷𒁶 𒉌 𒁶 𒉌𒉣𒈾𒁶",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 85,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:85",
    "translit": "[^dnin-tur5] ama kalam-ma-ka",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Nintur,] the mother of the Land,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌅 𒂼 𒌧𒈠𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 86,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:86",
    "translit": "[i3 li-gin7]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[like fine oil] —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌 𒇷𒁶",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 87,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:87",
    "translit": "[^dnin-nisig] in-tu-ud",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "gave birth to [Ninnisig]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒊬 𒅔𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 88,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:88",
    "translit": "^dnin-nisig gu2 id2-da-ke4 še3-mi-ni-ib-e3^?",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninnisig went out at the bank of the watercourse."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊬 𒄘 𒀀𒇉𒁕𒆤 𒂠𒈪𒉌𒅁",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 89,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:89",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ambar-ra im-da-la2 e-ne im-da-la2 e-ne",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki was hanging out in the marsh, he was hanging out there;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒆹𒊏 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 90,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:90",
    "translit": "sukkal-a-ni ^disimud4-de3 gu3 mu-na-de2-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "to his minister Isimud he spoke:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "*Isimud* (the two-faced messenger-god) is Enki's *sukkal* — the chamberlain-vizier office of Mesopotamian divine and royal courts. Isimud is the standard divine *sukkal* of Enki across the Sumerian Enki-narrative corpus (Enki and the World Order; Inana and Enki; Adapa-tradition predecessors); his iconography in cylinder-seal art shows him facing both forwards and backwards. The Sumerian *sukkal* (loaned into Akkadian as *sukkallu*) is the technical office of intermediary between a high-ranking person (here a god) and his interlocutors. See overlay entry `isimud-vizier-of-enki-sumerian` for Isimud's cross-corpus appearances.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "isimud-vizier-of-enki-sumerian"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈛𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒉽𒅊𒉣𒈨𒉈 𒅗 𒈬𒈾𒌤𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 91,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:91",
    "translit": "lu2-tur sag9-ga-e ne nu-mu-un-su-ub-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Shall I not kiss this fair young one?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽𒌉 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢𒌒𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 92,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:92",
    "translit": "^dnin-nisig sag9-ga-e ne nu-mu-un-su-ub-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Shall I not kiss the fair Ninnisig?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊬 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢𒌒𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 93,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:93",
    "translit": "sukkal-a-ni ^disimud4-de3 mu-na-ni-ib-gi4-gi4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "His minister Isimud answered him:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈛𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒉽𒅊𒉣𒈨𒉈 𒈬𒈾𒉌𒅁𒄄𒄄",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 94,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:94",
    "translit": "lu2-tur sag9-ga-e ne nu-mu-un-su-ub-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Shall you not kiss this fair young one?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽𒌉 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢𒌒𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 95,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:95",
    "translit": "^dnin-nisig sag9- ne nu-mu-un-su-ub-be2 >",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Shall you not <kiss> the fair Ninnisig?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊬 𒊷 𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢𒌒𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 96,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:96",
    "translit": "lugal-ĝu10 im-dirig ga-ri im-dirig ga-ri",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My king will sail there — let me steer; he will sail there — let me steer!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒅎𒋛𒀀 𒂵𒊑 𒅎𒋛𒀀 𒂵𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 97,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:97",
    "translit": "ĝiri3-ni 1-a ^ĝišma2-a bi2-in-gub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He set one foot in the boat;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄊𒉌 𒀀 𒀀 𒉈𒅔𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 98,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:98",
    "translit": "2-kam-ma bar-rim4-ma nam-mi-in-gub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the other he set on dry land."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄰𒈠 𒁇𒁽𒈠 𒉆𒈪𒅔𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 99,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:99",
    "translit": "gaba im-ma-an-tab ne im-ma-an-su-ub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He pressed her to the breast; he kissed her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒃮 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒋰 𒉈 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒋢𒌒",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 100,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:100",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 a šag4-ga ba-ni-in-ri",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki had his semen poured into her womb."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀀 𒊮𒂵 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 101,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:101",
    "translit": "a šag4-ga šu ba-ni-in-ti a ^den-ki-ka3-ka",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She received the semen into her womb, the semen of Enki."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀 𒊮𒂵 𒋗 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒋾 𒀀 𒀭𒂗𒆠𒂵𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 102,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:102",
    "translit": "ud 1-am3 itid 1-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "One day was for her one month."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 103,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:103",
    "translit": "ud 2-am3 itid 2-am3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Two days were for her two months."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒀭",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 104,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:104",
    "translit": "ud 9-am3 itid 9-am3 itid nam-munus-a-ka",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Nine days were for her nine months, the months of womanhood."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒉆𒊩𒀀𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 105,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:105",
    "translit": "i3 li^?-[gin7 i3] li^?-gin7 i3-ḫe-nun-na-gin7",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Like fine [oil, like] fine oil, like the oil of abundance,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌 𒁶 𒉌 𒁶 𒉌𒉣𒈾𒁶",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 106,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:106",
    "translit": "[^dnin-nisig i3] /li^?\\- i3 li-gin7 i3-ḫe-nun-na-gin7>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Ninnisig], like fine <oil>, like fine oil, like the oil of abundance —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒊬 𒉌  𒉌 𒇷𒁶 𒉌𒉣𒈾𒁶",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 107,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:107",
    "translit": "^dnin-[kur-ra] in-tu-ud",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "gave birth to Nin[kura]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒆳𒊏 𒅔𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 108,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:108",
    "translit": "^dnin-kur-/ra\\ [gu2 id2-da-ke4 še3-mi-ni-ib-e3]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninkura [went out at the bank of the watercourse]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒆳𒊏 𒄘 𒀀𒇉𒁕𒆤 𒂠𒈪𒉌𒅁𒌓𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 109,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:109",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ambar-ra im-[da-la2 e-ne im-da-la2 e-ne]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki was hanging out in the marsh, [he was hanging out there];"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒆹𒊏 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 110,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:110",
    "translit": "sukkal-a-ni ^disimud4-de3 [gu3 mu-na-de2-e]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "to his minister Isimud [he spoke]:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈛𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒉽𒅊𒉣𒈨𒉈 𒅗 𒈬𒈾𒌤𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 111,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:111",
    "translit": "lu2-tur sag9-ga-e ne nu-mu-un-[su-ub-be2 ]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Shall I not [kiss] this fair young one?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽𒌉 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢𒌒𒁉 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 112,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:112",
    "translit": "^dnin-kur-ra sag9-ga-e ne nu-mu-un-su-ub-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Shall I not kiss the fair Ninkura?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒆳𒊏 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢𒌒𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 113,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:113",
    "translit": "sukkal-a-ni ^disimud4-de3 mu-na-ni-ib-gi4-gi4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "His minister Isimud answered him:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈛𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒉽𒅊𒉣𒈨𒉈 𒈬𒈾𒉌𒅁𒄄𒄄",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 114,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:114",
    "translit": "lu2-tur sag9-ga-e ne su-ub-bu-ma-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Kiss for him this fair young one!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽𒌉 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒋢𒌒𒁍𒈠𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 115,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:115",
    "translit": "^dnin-kur-ra sag9-ga-e ne su-ub-bu-ma-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Kiss for him the fair Ninkura!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒆳𒊏 𒊷𒂵𒂊 𒉈 𒋢𒌒𒁍𒈠𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 116,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:116",
    "translit": "lugal-ĝu10 im-dirig ga-ri im-dirig ga-ri",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My king will sail there — let me steer; he will sail there — let me steer!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒅎𒋛𒀀 𒂵𒊑 𒅎𒋛𒀀 𒂵𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 117,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:117",
    "translit": "ĝiri3-ni 1-a ^ĝišma2-a bi2-in-gub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He set one foot in the boat;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄊𒉌 𒀀 𒀀 𒉈𒅔𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 118,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:118",
    "translit": "2-kam-ma bar-rim4-ma nam-mi-in-gub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "the other he set on dry land."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄰𒈠 𒁇𒁽𒈠 𒉆𒈪𒅔𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 119,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:119",
    "translit": "gaba im-ma-an-tab ne im-ma-an-su-ub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He pressed her to the breast; he kissed her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒃮 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒋰 𒉈 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒋢𒌒",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 120,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:120",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 a šag4 ba-ni-in-ri",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki had his semen poured into her womb."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀀 𒊮 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 121,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:121",
    "translit": "a šag4-ga šu ba-ni-in-ti a ^den-ki-ka3-ka",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She received the semen into her womb, the semen of Enki."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀 𒊮𒂵 𒋗 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒋾 𒀀 𒀭𒂗𒆠𒂵𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 122,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:122",
    "translit": "ud 1-am3 itid 1-a-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "One day was for her one month."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 123,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:123",
    "translit": "ud 9-am3 itid 9-a-ni itid nam-munus-a-[ka]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Nine days were for her nine months, the months of womanhood, [for her]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌓 𒀀𒀭 𒌗 𒀀𒉌 𒌗 𒉆𒊩𒀀𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 124,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:124",
    "translit": "i3 li^?-gin7 i3 li^?-gin7 i3-ḫe-nun-[na-gin7]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Like fine oil, like fine oil, like the oil [of abundance],"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌 𒁶 𒉌 𒁶 𒉌𒉣𒈾𒁶",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 125,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:125",
    "translit": "^dnin-kur-ra i3 li^?- i3 li-gin7 i3-ḫe-nun-na>",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninkura, like fine <oil>, like fine oil, like the oil of abundance —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒆳𒊏 𒉌  𒉌 𒇷𒁶 𒉌𒉣𒈾",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 126,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:126",
    "translit": "^duttu munus NI-buluĝ3 in-[tu-ud]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "gave birth to Uttu, the flourishing woman."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒋸 𒊩 𒉌𒉽𒉽 𒅔𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 127,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:127",
    "translit": "^dnin-tur5-re ^duttu-[ra] gu3 mu-na-de2-[e]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Nintur spoke to Uttu:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒌅𒊑 𒀭𒋸𒊏 𒅗 𒈬𒈾𒌤𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 128,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:128",
    "translit": "na ga-e-de5 na de5-ĝu10 [ḫe2-e-dab5]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let me give you advice — take my advice [in hand].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈾 𒂵𒂊𒊑 𒈾 𒊑𒈬 𒂊𒆪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 129,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:129",
    "translit": "inim ga-ra-ab-dug4 inim-ĝu10-[še3 ĝeštug2-zu]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let me speak a word — [give your ear to my word].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒅗 𒂵𒊏𒀊𒅗 𒅗𒈬𒂠 𒄑𒌆𒉿𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 130,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:130",
    "translit": "lu2 1-am3 ambar-ra im-da-la2 [e-ne im-da-la2 e-ne>]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'There is a single man in the marsh — he is hanging out, [he is hanging out>].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽 𒀀𒀭 𒆹𒊏 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 131,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:131",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ambar-ra im-[da-la2 e-ne im-da-la2 e-ne>]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Enki [is hanging out in the marsh, he is hanging out>].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒆹𒊏 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 132,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:132",
    "translit": "igi im-X X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... eye ... ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒅆 𒅎  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 142,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:142",
    "translit": "[…] X […]",
    "preceding_lacuna": {
      "text": "9 lines fragmentary",
      "lines_missing": 9,
      "category": "fragmentary",
      "i18n": {
        "en": "[9 lines fragmentary.]"
      }
    },
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[9 lines fragmentary.] '... ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 143,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:143",
    "translit": "[… ^duttu] munus NI-buluĝ3 X X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[... Uttu], the flourishing woman, ... ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒀭𒋸 𒊩 𒉌𒉽𒉽   ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 144,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:144",
    "translit": "[…] X X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "   ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 145,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:145",
    "translit": "[…] X X X A NA X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... A NA ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "    𒀀 𒈾  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 146,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:146",
    "translit": "[…] X X X šag4^?-za […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... your heart ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "    𒍝 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 147,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:147",
    "translit": "[ukuš2 sur-ra-X] de6-um",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[Bring cucumbers in their] dripping vessels!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Lines 147-176 narrate Enki's seduction of Uttu (his great-granddaughter), conducted by impersonating a gardener bearing three plant-gifts: *ukuš2* 'cucumber', *^ĝišḫašḫur* 'apple-tree fruit', and *^ĝišĝeštin* 'grape / wine'. The garden-produce-as-seduction-vehicle is a recurring Sumerian narrative motif (cf. Inana and Šukaletuda; the Dumuzi-and-Inana courtship-corpus); the lexemes name **horticultural products** of Mesopotamian-Gulf orchard-agriculture, not specifically-symbolic species. The cross-corpus comparison with **Gen 3** *peri ets ha-da'at tov va-ra* 'fruit of the tree of knowing good and bad' is structural-and-thematic — both narratives deploy a **garden-fruit-and-disobedience-or-disruption** pattern — but the parallel is **not etymological-identification** of the cucumber / apple / grape with the Genesis forbidden-fruit (the Hebrew text does not name the fruit; medieval Latin tradition's *malum / pomum* 'apple' is a vernacular substitution). Named scholarship: Alster *Dilmun, the Cradle of Civilization* 1983; Black *et al.* *The Literature of Ancient Sumer* 2004; Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT on the comparative-mythology; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987. See overlay entry `cucumber-apple-grape-garden-gift-seduction-sumerian-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "cucumber-apple-grape-garden-gift-seduction-sumerian-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄾 𒋩𒊏 𒁺𒌝",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 148,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:148",
    "translit": "/^ĝišḫašḫur\\ [gu ul-ul]-ba de6-um",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Bring apples in their swelling [bunches]!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒄖 𒌌𒌌𒁀 𒁺𒌝",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 149,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:149",
    "translit": "^ĝišĝeštin ga-ra-an-ba de6-um",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Bring grapes in their bunches!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒂵𒊏𒀭𒁀 𒁺𒌝",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 150,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:150",
    "translit": "e2^?-a saman2-ĝu10 ḫe2-dab5",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'In the house may you take my tethering rope!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀 𒂠𒁍𒉣𒂠𒌅𒈬 𒆪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 151,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:151",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 saman2-ĝu10 ḫe2-bi2-in-dab5",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Enki, may you take my tethering rope!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒂠𒁍𒉣𒂠𒌅𒈬 𒉈𒅔𒆪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 152,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:152",
    "translit": "2-kam-ma a si-si-da-ni",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "A second time, while he filled it with water,"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄰𒈠 𒀀 𒋛𒋛𒁕𒉌",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 153,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:153",
    "translit": "eg2 a bi2-in-si",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "he filled the embankment with water."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒂊 𒀀 𒉈𒅔𒋛",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 154,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:154",
    "translit": "pa5 a bi2-in-si",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He filled the canals with water."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒉽𒂊 𒀀 𒉈𒅔𒋛",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 155,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:155",
    "translit": "kislaḫ a bi2-in-si",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He filled the fallow ground with water."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒀀 𒉈𒅔𒋛",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 156,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:156",
    "translit": "nu-^ĝiškiri6 saḫar^?-ra ḫul2-a-na bi2-[…]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The gardener, in his joy from the dust, [...]"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉡 𒊏 𒀀𒈾 𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 157,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:157",
    "translit": "gu2-ni gu2-da im-ši-in-la2-[e-de3]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "he embraced him, neck against neck."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄘𒉌 𒄘𒁕 𒅎𒅆𒅔𒇲𒂊𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 158,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:158",
    "translit": "a-ba-me-en ^ĝiškiri6 […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Who are you, ... the orchard ...?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀𒁀𒈨𒂗  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 159,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:159",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 nu-^ĝiškiri6-[…]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki [says to] the gardener: '[...]'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒉡",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 164,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:164",
    "translit": "[ukuš2 sur-ra-na] im-ma-/na\\-[an-de6]",
    "preceding_lacuna": {
      "text": "4 lines missing",
      "lines_missing": 4,
      "category": "missing",
      "i18n": {
        "en": "[4 lines missing.]"
      }
    },
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[4 lines missing.] '[He brought cucumbers in their] dripping [vessels];'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄾 𒋩𒊏𒈾 𒅎𒈠𒈾𒀭𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 165,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:165",
    "translit": "^ĝišḫašḫur gu ul-ul-ba im-ma-na-an-de6",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'he brought apples in their swelling bunches;'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒄖 𒌌𒌌𒁀 𒅎𒈠𒈾𒀭𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 166,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:166",
    "translit": "^ĝišĝeštin ga-ra-an-ba im-ma-na-an-de6 ur2-ra-ni bi2-in-si-si",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'he brought grapes in their bunches and filled his lap.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒂵𒊏𒀭𒁀 𒅎𒈠𒈾𒀭𒁺 𒌫𒊏𒉌 𒉈𒅔𒋛𒋛",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 167,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:167",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 igi-ni im-ma-an-sig7-sig7 ĝidru šu bi2-in-du8",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki made his eyes flash green; he took up the sceptre in his hand."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒅆𒉌 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒅊𒅊 𒉺 𒋗 𒉈𒅔𒂃",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 168,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:168",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ^duttu-ra ĝiri3 im-ma-an-gub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki set his foot to Uttu's;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀭𒋸𒊏 𒄊 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 169,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:169",
    "translit": "e2-na al-dub2-dub2-e ĝal2-u3 [ĝal2-u3]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "he struck at her house — 'Open up! Open up!'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂍𒈾 𒀠𒂀𒂀𒂊 𒅅𒅇 𒅅𒅇",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 170,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:170",
    "translit": "a-ba-me-en za-e-me-en",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Who are you?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀𒁀𒈨𒂗 𒍝𒂊𒈨𒂗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 171,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:171",
    "translit": "ĝe26-e nu-^ĝiškiri6 ukuš2 ^ĝišḫašḫur [^ĝišĝeštin] ḫe2-am3-še3 ga-mu-ra-ab-šum2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'I am the gardener — let me give you cucumber, apple, [and grape] as your due.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂷𒂊 𒉡 𒄾   𒀀𒀭𒂠 𒂵𒈬𒊏𒀊𒋧",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 172,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:172",
    "translit": "^duttu šag4 ḫul2-la-ni-ta e2-e ĝal2 ba-an-taka4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Uttu, in the joy of her heart, opened up the house for him."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒋸 𒊮 𒆷𒉌𒋫 𒂍𒂊 𒅅 𒁀𒀭𒋺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 173,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:173",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ^duttu-ra munus NI-buluĝ3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki — to Uttu the flourishing woman —"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀭𒋸𒊏 𒊩 𒉌𒉽𒉽",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 174,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:174",
    "translit": "ukuš2 sur-ra-na ba-na-ab-šum2-mu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "gave her cucumbers in their dripping vessels;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒄾 𒋩𒊏𒈾 𒁀𒈾𒀊𒋧𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 175,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:175",
    "translit": "^ĝišḫašḫur gu ul-ul-ba ba-na-ab-šum2-mu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "gave her apples in their swelling bunches;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒄖 𒌌𒌌𒁀 𒁀𒈾𒀊𒋧𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 176,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:176",
    "translit": "^ĝišĝeštin ga-ra-an-ba ba-na-ab-šum2-mu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "gave her grapes in their bunches."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒂵𒊏𒀭𒁀 𒁀𒈾𒀊𒋧𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 177,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:177",
    "translit": "kaš ^giba-an gu-la im-ma-ab-[…]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He [poured] beer into the great drinking-vessel."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒁉 𒀭 𒄖𒆷 𒅎𒈠𒀊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 178,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:178",
    "translit": "^duttu munus NI-buluĝ3 gabu2 mu-na-ab-sig10-ge šu mu-na-sag3-ge",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Uttu the flourishing woman placed (him) on her left and beat on his hand."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒋸 𒊩 𒉌𒉽𒉽 𒆏 𒈬𒈾𒀊𒋧𒄀 𒋗 𒈬𒈾𒉺𒄀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 179,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:179",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ^duttu-ra ul im-ma-ni-in-ti",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki — for Uttu — swelled himself with joy."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀭𒋸𒊏 𒌌 𒅎𒈠𒉌𒅔𒋾",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 180,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:180",
    "translit": "gaba šu im-mi-in-dab ur2-ra-na nu2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He took her by the breast — she lay in his lap."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒃮 𒋗 𒅎𒈪𒅔𒁳 𒌫𒊏𒈾 𒈿𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 181,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:181",
    "translit": "ḫaš2 mu-un-tag-tag-ge šu mu-un-tag-tag-ge",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He stroked her thigh; he stroked her with his hand."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒈬𒌦𒋳𒋳𒄀 𒋗 𒈬𒌦𒋳𒋳𒄀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 182,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:182",
    "translit": "gaba^? šu im-mi-in-dab5^? ur2-ra-na nu2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He took her by the breast — she lay in his lap."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": " 𒋗 𒅎𒈪𒅔 𒌫𒊏𒈾 𒈿𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 183,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:183",
    "translit": "lu2-tur ĝiš3 im-in-du3 ne im-ma-ni-in-su-ub",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He stiffened against the youngling; he kissed her."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒇽𒌉 𒍑 𒅎𒅔𒆕 𒉈 𒅎𒈠𒉌𒅔𒋢𒌒",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 184,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:184",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ^duttu a šag4 mu-ni-in-ri",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki poured semen into Uttu's womb."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒀭𒋸 𒀀 𒊮 𒈬𒉌𒅔𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 185,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:185",
    "translit": "a šag4-ga šu ba-ši-in-ti a ^den-ki-ka3-kam",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She received the semen into her womb, the semen of Enki."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀 𒊮𒂵 𒋗 𒁀𒅆𒅔𒋾 𒀀 𒀭𒂗𒆠𒂵𒄰",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 186,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:186",
    "translit": "^duttu munus sag9-ga a2^? ḫaš2-ĝu10 im-me a2^? bar-ĝu10 a2^? ša3^?-ba-ĝu10 im-[me]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Uttu, the fair woman, cried: 'Woe — my thighs!' she said. 'Woe my outsides! Woe my insides!' she [said]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒋸 𒊩 𒊷𒂵  𒈬 𒅎𒈨  𒁇𒈬  𒁀𒈬 𒅎𒈨",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 187,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:187",
    "translit": "^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2 a ḫaš2-ta ba-an-tag-tag",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninhursag wiped the semen from the thighs."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Ninhursag intervenes after Enki's transgression against Uttu. The wiping of the semen prepares for the eight-plants sequence at lines 190-197: from the wiped-semen the eight plants are conjectured to spring (the lacuna at 188-189 obscures the connecting narrative, but the Black *et al.* reconstruction follows Kramer 1944 in supplying the seed-becomes-plants link). Ninhursag is here named under her *Ninhursag* epithet; see central entry `nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷 𒀀 𒋫 𒁀𒀭𒋳𒋳",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 190,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:190",
    "translit": "[u2-ĝiš im-ma-an-mu2]",
    "preceding_lacuna": {
      "text": "2 lines fragmentary",
      "lines_missing": 2,
      "category": "fragmentary",
      "i18n": {
        "en": "[2 lines fragmentary.]"
      }
    },
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[2 lines fragmentary.] [The tree-plant grew up]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌑𒄑 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 191,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:191",
    "translit": "[u2-lal3 im-ma]-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The honey-plant grew up]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌑𒋭 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 192,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:192",
    "translit": "[u2-sar-ra im-ma]-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The sar-plant grew up]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌑𒊬𒊏 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 193,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:193",
    "translit": "[^u2A.NUMUN2 im]-ma-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The esparto-grass grew up]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 194,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:194",
    "translit": "[^u2a-tu-tu im]-ma-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The atutu-plant grew up]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌅𒌅 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 195,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:195",
    "translit": "[^u2aš-tal2-tal2] /im\\-ma-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The astaltal-plant] grew up."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉿𒉿 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 196,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:196",
    "translit": "[^u2…] /im\\-ma-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The ...-plant] grew up."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 197,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:197",
    "translit": "[^u2am-ḫa-ru] im-ma-an-mu2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[The amharu-plant] grew up."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒊒 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒊬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 198,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:198",
    "translit": "^den-ki-ke4 ambar-ra im-da-la2 e-ne im-da-la2 e-ne",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enki was hanging out in the marsh; he was hanging out there."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆠𒆤 𒆹𒊏 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈 𒅎𒁕𒇲 𒂊𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 199,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:199",
    "translit": "sukkal-a-ni ^disimud4-de3 gu3 mu-na-de2-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "To his minister Isimud he spoke:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈛𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒉽𒅊𒉣𒈨𒉈 𒅗 𒈬𒈾𒌤𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 200,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:200",
    "translit": "u2 ĝe26-e nam-bi /li\\-bi2-tar-re",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'These plants — I would decree their destiny.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Lines 190-219 cluster the **eight plants** that Enki sees, asks Isimud to identify, and eats. The plants are: *u2-ĝiš* (tree-plant), *u2-lal3* (honey-plant), *u2-sar-ra* (sar-plant), *^u2A.NUMUN2* (esparto-grass), *^u2a-tu-tu* (atutu-plant), *^u2aš-tal2-tal2* (astaltal-plant), an eighth plant whose name is lost in lacuna, and *^u2am-ḫa-ru* (amharu-plant). Six of the eight have no securely-identified botanical referent (lexica gloss them only as 'type of plant'); only *u2-lal3* (honey-plant) and *^u2A.NUMUN2* (esparto) have referents fixed by lexical-list comparison.\n\nThe Sumerian *nam tar* 'to decree a destiny' idiom (see central entry `nam-sumerian-destiny-fate-cross-corpus`) signals an act of cosmic-categorization: Enki proposes to determine the plants' destinies — that is, to assign their roles in the world's order. The narrative reverses this: instead of decreeing their destinies, he eats them and falls ill. The transgression triggers the chapter's central crisis and motivates Ninhursag's curse (220-221).\n\nCross-corpus comparative-mythology: the **eight plants Enki eats** structurally parallel **Gen 2:17 / 3:6** *etz ha-da'at tov va-ra* — the forbidden-tree whose fruit Eve and Adam eat — in the **forbidden-or-improper-food-causing-illness-or-transformation** typology. The parallel is structural (eating-the-forbidden-thing leads to a body-altering consequence) rather than etymological-or-genealogical. In the Sumerian narrative, the divine actor (Enki) is the eater; in the Hebrew, the human is the eater. In the Sumerian, the eaten produces illness localized to body-parts; in the Hebrew, the eaten opens *yedi'ah* 'knowing'. Named scholarship: Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96; Alster 'Enki and Ninhursag' *Acta Sumerologica* 1978; Black *et al.* 2004; Hallo *Origins* 1996; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987; Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT. See overlay entry `eight-plants-enki-eats-forbidden-food-motif`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "nam-sumerian-destiny-fate-cross-corpus",
      "eight-plants-enki-eats-forbidden-food-motif"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌑 𒂷𒂊 𒉆𒁉 𒇷𒉈𒋻𒊑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 201,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:201",
    "translit": "a-na-am3 ne-e a-na-am3 ne-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'What is this one? What is this one?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒀀𒈾𒀀𒀭 𒉈𒂊 𒀀𒈾𒀀𒀭 𒉈𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 202,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:202",
    "translit": "sukkal-a-ni ^disimud4-de3 mu-na-ni-ib2-gi4-gi4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "His minister Isimud answered him:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈛𒀀𒉌 𒀭𒉽𒅊𒉣𒈨𒉈 𒈬𒈾𒉌𒌈𒄄𒄄",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 203,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:203",
    "translit": "[lugal]-ĝu10 u2-ĝiš mu-na-ab-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My [king], it is the tree-plant,' he says."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒌑𒄑 𒈬𒈾𒀊𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 204,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:204",
    "translit": "mu-na-kud-de3 ba-/gu7\\-[e]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He cut it down for him; he ate [it]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒋻𒉈 𒁀𒅥𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 205,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:205",
    "translit": "lugal-ĝu10 u2-lal3 mu-na-ab-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My king, it is the honey-plant,' he says."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒌑𒋭 𒈬𒈾𒀊𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 206,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:206",
    "translit": "mu-na-bur12-re ba-gu7-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He tore it out for him; he ate it."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒁍𒊑 𒁀𒅥𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 207,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:207",
    "translit": "lugal-ĝu10 /u2-sar-ra\\ mu->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My king, it is the sar-plant,' he <says>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒌑𒊬𒊏 𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 208,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:208",
    "translit": "mu-na-kud-de3 ba->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He cut it down for him; he <ate it>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒋻𒉈 𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 209,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:209",
    "translit": "lugal-ĝu10 ^u2A.NUMUN2 mu->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My king, it is the esparto-grass,' he <says>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬  𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 210,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:210",
    "translit": "mu-na-bur12-re ba->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "He tore it out for him; he <ate it>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒁍𒊑 𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 211,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:211",
    "translit": "[lugal-ĝu10 ^u2a]-tu-tu mu->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[My king], it is the atutu-plant,' he <says>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒌅𒌅 𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 212,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:212",
    "translit": "[mu-na-kud-de3] ba->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[He cut it down for him]; he <ate it>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒋻𒉈 𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 213,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:213",
    "translit": "[lugal-ĝu10 ^u2aš-tal2]-tal2 mu->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[My king, it is the astaltal]-plant,' he <says>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒉿𒉿 𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 214,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:214",
    "translit": "[mu-na-bur12-re ba-gu7-e]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[He tore it out for him; he ate it]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒁍𒊑 𒁀𒅥𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 215,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:215",
    "translit": "[lugal-ĝu10 ^u2… mu-na-ab-be2]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[My king, it is the ...-plant,' he says]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬  𒈬𒈾𒀊𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 216,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:216",
    "translit": "[mu-na-kud-de3] /ba\\->",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[He cut it down for him]; he <ate it>."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒋻𒉈 𒁀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 217,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:217",
    "translit": "[lugal-ĝu10 ^u2]am-ḫa-ru mu-na-ab-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'[My king, it is the] amharu-plant,' he says."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈗𒈬 𒊒 𒈬𒈾𒀊𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 218,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:218",
    "translit": "[mu-na-bu]-re ba-gu7-e",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[He tore it] out; he ate it."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈬𒈾𒁍𒊑 𒁀𒅥𒂊",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 219,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:219",
    "translit": "[^den-ki]-/ke4\\ u2 nam-bi bi2-in-tar šag4-ba ba-ni-in-zu",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Enki] decreed the destiny of the plants; he knew them in their heart."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "nam-sumerian-destiny-fate-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠𒆤 𒌑 𒉆𒁉 𒉈𒅔𒋻 𒊮𒁀 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒍪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 220,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:220",
    "translit": "^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2-ke4 mu ^den-ki nam-erim2 ba-an-kud",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninhursag swore an oath in the name of Enki:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "*nam-erim2 kud* is the technical Sumerian idiom for **cutting / decreeing the curse-oath** — the formal-juridical oath whose violation triggers self-cursing on the swearer. The cognate Akkadian *māmītu* / *māmīta nadû* (literally 'to throw / cast the oath-curse') is the Akkadian-language form attested across the Old Babylonian and Standard Babylonian corpus, with the noun *māmītu* identifying the binding-curse that holds the oath in force. Ninhursag's *nam-erim2* here is the most severe oath-form available to her — a curse-oath, not a simple assertory oath. Named scholarship: Lambert 'Three Unpublished Fragments of the Tukulti-Ninurta Epic' *AfO* 1957; CAD M/1 189-195 *māmītu*. See overlay entry `nam-erim-curse-oath-cutting-formula-sumerian`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus",
      "nam-erim-curse-oath-cutting-formula-sumerian"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷𒆤 𒈬 𒀭𒂗𒆠 𒉆𒉈𒊒 𒁀𒀭𒋻",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 221,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:221",
    "translit": "i-bi2 na-aĝ2-til3-la en-na ba-ug5-ge-a i-bi2 ba-ra-an-bar-re-en",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Until he is dead I shall not look upon him with the eye of life.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The *i-bi2 nam-til3-la* — 'eye of life' (literally 'eye of the life-state', with *nam-til3* the abstract-substantive of *til3* 'to live') — is the famous Sumerian idiom for the **life-giving / paradisal-restorative gaze**. The Sumerian *til3* is paired-and-contrasted with *zi* (covered by central entry `zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus`) in the corpus's life-vocabulary; both designate aspects of vital-existence (*til3* the durative-state of being-alive; *zi* the breath / animating-principle). Ninhursag's withholding the *eye of life* condemns Enki to die from the eight-plant-eating illness until she chooses to restore him. The expression's parallel-with-its-inverse — the **withering gaze** of divinity — is widely-attested in Mesopotamian incantation and ritual texts. See overlay entry `eye-of-life-sumerian-paradisal-gaze-idiom`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus",
      "eye-of-life-sumerian-paradisal-gaze-idiom"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒄿𒉈 𒈾𒉘𒋾𒆷 𒂗𒈾 𒁀𒂦𒄀𒀀 𒄿𒉈 𒁀𒊏𒀭𒁇𒊑𒂗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 222,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:222",
    "translit": "^da-nun-na-ke4-ne saḫar-ta im-mi-in-durunx(KU.KU)-ne-eš",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The Anuna sat down in the dust."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "anuna-collective-of-great-gods-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒀀𒉣𒈾𒆤𒉈 𒋫 𒅎𒈪𒅔𒉈𒌍",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 223,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:223",
    "translit": "ka5-a ^den-lil2-ra mu-na-da-ab-be2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The fox spoke to Enlil:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The **fox** (*ka5-a*) appears here as a divine-court mediator-figure, negotiating with Enlil for a reward in exchange for retrieving Ninhursag. The Sumerian fox-as-trickster-mediator is attested across the Sumerian literary tradition — the ETCSL animal-fable corpus (5.9.x) preserves the fox in proverbial and fable-narrative contexts; the fox's role in this composition follows the trickster-mediator type, brokering between divine parties for negotiated compensation. The fox's identity as a divine or quasi-divine actor (rather than a literal animal) is the standard scholarly reading. Named scholarship: Alster 'Enki and Ninhursag' *Acta Sumerologica* 1978 on the fox-mediator function; Black *et al.* 2004; Vanstiphout 'The Old Babylonian Literary Catalogue' *Aula Orientalis* 1986 on the fox-fable tradition. See overlay entry `fox-mediator-sumerian-mythological-figure`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "fox-mediator-sumerian-mythological-figure"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒈜𒀀 𒀭𒂗𒆤𒊏 𒈬𒈾𒁕𒀊𒁉",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 224,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:224",
    "translit": "ĝe26-e ^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2 mu-e-ši-tum2-mu-un a-na-am3 niĝ2-ba-ĝu10",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'If I bring Ninhursag to you, what shall be my gift?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus",
      "fox-mediator-sumerian-mythological-figure"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂷𒂊 𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷 𒈬𒂊𒅆𒁺𒈬𒌦 𒀀𒈾𒀀𒀭 𒃻𒁀𒈬",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 225,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:225",
    "translit": "^den-lil2-le ka5-a mu-na-ni-ib2-gi4-gi4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Enlil answered the fox:"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒆤𒇷 𒈜𒀀 𒈬𒈾𒉌𒌈𒄄𒄄",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 226,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:226",
    "translit": "za-e ^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2 mu-e-tum2-mu-un-nam",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'If you bring Ninhursag (back),'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒍝𒂊 𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷 𒈬𒂊𒁺𒈬𒌦𒉆",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 227,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:227",
    "translit": "iri-ĝa2 2 ĝiš-gana2 ga-ri-du3 mu-zu ḫe2-pad3-de3",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'in my city I will plant two birch-trees for you — your name shall be uttered.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌷𒂷  𒄑𒃷 𒂵𒊑𒆕 𒈬𒍪 𒅆𒊒𒉈",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 228,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:228",
    "translit": "ka5-a su-ni 1-am3 im-ma-an-peš5-peš5",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The fox anointed his body once;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒈜𒀀 𒋢𒉌 𒀀𒀭 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒆒𒆒",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 229,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:229",
    "translit": "siki^?-ni 1-am3 im-ma-an-bur2-bur2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "he combed his hair once;"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒉌 𒀀𒀭 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒁔𒁔",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 230,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:230",
    "translit": "igi-ni 1-am3 šembizid bi2-in-ĝar",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "he applied kohl to his eye once."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒅆𒉌 𒀀𒀭 𒋆 𒉈𒅔𒃻",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 235,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:235",
    "translit": "[nibru^ki-še3 mu]-ĝen-ne-en ^den-lil2 […]",
    "preceding_lacuna": {
      "text": "4 lines fragmentary",
      "lines_missing": 4,
      "category": "fragmentary",
      "i18n": {
        "en": "[4 lines fragmentary.]"
      }
    },
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[4 lines fragmentary.] '[To Nibru I will] go — Enlil [...].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂠 𒈬𒁺𒉈𒂗 𒀭𒂗𒆤 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 236,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:236",
    "translit": "[urim2^ki]-/še3\\ mu-ĝen-ne-en ^dnanna […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'To [Urim] I will go — Nanna [...].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂠 𒈬𒁺𒉈𒂗 𒀭𒋀𒆠 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 237,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:237",
    "translit": "[larsam^ki]-še3 mu-ĝen-ne-en ^dutu^? […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'To [Larsam] I will go — Utu [...].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "utu-shamash-sun-god-justice-divinity-cross-corpus",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂠 𒈬𒁺𒉈𒂗 𒀭 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 238,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:238",
    "translit": "[unug^ki]-še3 mu-ĝen-ne-en ^dinana X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'To [Unug] I will go — Inana ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒂠 𒈬𒁺𒉈𒂗 𒀭𒈹  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 239,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:239",
    "translit": "[…] X i3-me-a zi^?-ĝu10 mu-X-tum2-mu […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... so it was — my life carry away ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "  𒉌𒈨𒀀 𒈬 𒈬𒁺𒈬 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 240,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:240",
    "translit": "X X X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... ... ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "   ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "low"
  },
  {
    "n": 241,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:241",
    "translit": "^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2 X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninhursag ..."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 245,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:245",
    "translit": "[…] NE […]",
    "preceding_lacuna": {
      "text": "3 lines fragmentary",
      "lines_missing": 3,
      "category": "fragmentary",
      "i18n": {
        "en": "[3 lines fragmentary.]"
      }
    },
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[3 lines fragmentary.] '... NE ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒉈 ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 246,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:246",
    "translit": "[…] BA NE^? DU",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... BA NE DU'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒁀  𒁺",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 247,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:247",
    "translit": "^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2-ke4 e2^? kaš4 im-ma-an-dug4",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninhursag came running to the house."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷𒆤  𒁽 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒅗",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 248,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:248",
    "translit": "^da-nun-/na\\-[ke4]-/ne\\ tug2-ga-ni ba-an-dab5-be2-eš",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "The Anuna seized her garment."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The **garment-seizure** is a stock formal-detention gesture in ANE legal-and-narrative texts: grasping the hem or fringe of a garment constitutes a juridical act of detention, supplication, or claim-establishment. The same gesture recurs in Akkadian *qarābu sissikta* 'to seize the hem (in supplication)' and in Hebrew narrative (1 Sam 15:27 — Samuel seizes the hem of Saul's robe; Hag 2:12 — the hem-of-garment carries-or-fails-to-carry holiness). Here the Anuna restrain Ninhursag (who has come running from her place of retreat) to ensure she remains for the healing-deity births. Named scholarship: M. Malul 'Studies in Mesopotamian Legal Symbolism' AOAT 221, 1988 on the hem-grasping legal-act; M. Greenberg *Ezekiel 1-20* AB 1983 on the Hebrew hem-grasping parallels. See overlay entry `garment-seizure-formal-detention-ane`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "anuna-collective-of-great-gods-cross-corpus",
      "garment-seizure-formal-detention-ane"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒀀𒉣𒈾𒆤𒉈 𒌆𒂵𒉌 𒁀𒀭𒆪𒁉𒌍",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 249,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:249",
    "translit": "LI^? im-ma-an-ak-eš",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "They made (a) LI ..."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": " 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒀝𒌍",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 250,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:250",
    "translit": "nam im-ma-an-tar-eš",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "They decreed a destiny."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "nam-sumerian-destiny-fate-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒉆 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒋻𒌍",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 251,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:251",
    "translit": "šu LI^? im-ma-an-bur2-ru-uš",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "They released the hand-(of) LI."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒋗  𒅎𒈠𒀭𒁔𒊒𒍑",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 252,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:252",
    "translit": "^dnin-ḫur-saĝ-ĝa2-ke4 ^den-ki gal4-la-na ba-ni-in-tuš",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "Ninhursag had Enki sit at her vulva."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Ninhursag places Enki at her *gal4* 'vulva' as the physical-and-ritual locus from which she will birth the eight healing-deities (lines 254-271). The body-from-body birth-locus framing makes the eight-deity sequence into a single divine-self-multiplication act: each body-part of Enki becomes a deity through Ninhursag's body. See central entry `nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus` and overlay entry `eight-healing-deities-birth-by-body-part-sequence`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nintur-nintud-ninhursaga-birth-goddess-epithet-cluster-cross-corpus",
      "eight-healing-deities-birth-by-body-part-sequence"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒊕𒂷𒆤 𒀭𒂗𒆠 𒊩𒆷𒈾 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒆪",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 253,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:253",
    "translit": "šu MUŠ3-/ba\\ […] bar-ba NE X […]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'... hand ... outside ...'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒋗 𒈹𒁀  𒁇𒁀 𒉈  ",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 254,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:254",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 255,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:255",
    "translit": "ugu-dilim2-ĝu10 ma-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'The top of my head hurts me.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒌋𒅗𒇺𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 256,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:256",
    "translit": "^dab-u2 im-ma-ra-an-tu-ud",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Ab-u out (of it)."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Lines 254-271 are the **eight healing-deities birth-by-body-part** sequence — the chapter's signature structural figure. Ninhursag, having had Enki placed at her vulva (252), repeatedly asks Enki to name the body-part that hurts, and from each pained body-part births a healing-deity whose name encodes the body-part. The formulaic structure is *šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig X-ĝu10 ma-gig* 'My brother, what part of you hurts you? My X hurts me' followed by *Y im-ma-ra-an-tu-ud* 'she bore Y out (of it)'.\n\nThe eight pairings are: (1) *ugu-dilim2* 'top of head' → **Ab-u** (256); (2) *pa siki* 'lock of hair' → **Ninsikila** (259); (3) *giri17* 'nose' → **Ningiriutud** (261); (4) *ka* 'mouth' → **Ninkasi** (263); (5) *zi* 'throat / breath' → **Nazi / Nanše** (265); (6) *a2* 'arm' → **Azimua** (267); (7) *ti* 'rib' → **Ninti** (269); (8) *zag* 'side' → **Ensag** (271). In two of the eight cases — Nazi and Ninti — the **philological pun** is the diagnostic structural figure: the body-part lexeme is **homophonous with a life-vocabulary lexeme** in Sumerian. *zi* 'throat' is homophonous with *zi* 'breath / life'; *ti* 'rib' is homophonous with *til3* 'to live'. The two pun-deities are paired at lines 265 (Nazi) and 269 (Ninti) — the structural-parallel argues for reading the *^dna-zi* of 265 as *Nazi* preserving the pun (see line 265 commentary and overlay entry `nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun`).\n\nNamed scholarship: Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96 (the foundational analysis of the eight healing-deities); Kramer 1963 *The Sumerians*; Alster 'Enki and Ninhursag' *Acta Sumerologica* 1978; Jacobsen *The Harps that Once* 1987; Black *et al.* *The Literature of Ancient Sumer* 2004; on the Mesopotamian body-part-and-healing-deity associations more broadly: M. Stol *Birth in Babylonia and the Bible* CM 14, 2000; M. Geller *Ancient Babylonian Medicine* 2010. See overlay entry `eight-healing-deities-birth-by-body-part-sequence`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "eight-healing-deities-birth-by-body-part-sequence"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒀊𒌑 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 257,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:257",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you?'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 258,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:258",
    "translit": "pa siki-ĝu10 ma-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'The locks of my hair hurt me.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒉺 𒋠𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 259,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:259",
    "translit": "^dnin-siki-la2 im-ma-ra-an-tu-ud",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Ninsikila out (of it)."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒋠𒇲 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 260,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:260",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig giri17-ĝu10 ma-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you? My nose hurts me.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼 𒅗𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 261,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:261",
    "translit": "^dnin-giri17-u3-tud im-ma-ra-an-tu-ud",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Ningiriutud out (of it)."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒅗𒅇𒌅 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 262,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:262",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig ka-ĝu10 ma-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you? My mouth hurts me.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼 𒅗𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 263,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:263",
    "translit": "^dnin-ka-si im-ma-ra-an-tu-[ud]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Ninkasi out [(of it)]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "**Ninkasi** is the Sumerian beer-and-brewing goddess. Her name encodes *ka* 'mouth' (the body-part that hurts Enki at 262) plus *si* 'to fill'; her destiny-assignment at line 276 *niĝ2 šag4 si ḫe2-a* 'let her be that which fills the heart / belly' is a pun-of-function alluding to her beer-pouring role (Sumerian *šag4* 'heart / belly' is the canonical Sumerian belly-as-vessel-of-feeling-and-drink). The cross-corpus text *Hymn to Ninkasi* (ETCSL 4.23.1; OB Sumerian beer-hymn with full brewing-recipe) is the principal Sumerian Ninkasi-source; her presence in this composition as the **mouth-healer** is the diagnostic-Mesopotamian deification of mouth-pleasure / nourishment. Named scholarship: M. Civil 'A Hymn to the Beer Goddess and a Drinking Song' in *Studies Presented to A. Leo Oppenheim* 1964; M. W. Stol 'Beer in Neo-Babylonian Times' in *Drinking in Ancient Societies* 1994; Black *et al.* 2004; on cross-corpus brewing-vocabulary: P. Damerow *Sumerian Beer* CDLJ 2012. See central entry `ninkasi-beer-brewing-goddess-sumerian-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "ninkasi-beer-brewing-goddess-sumerian-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒅗𒋛 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 264,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:264",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig zi-ĝu10 ma-gig",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you? My throat hurts me.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼 𒍣𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "full"
  },
  {
    "n": 265,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:265",
    "translit": "^dna-zi im-ma-ra-an-/tu\\-[ud]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Nazi (alternate manuscript: Nanše) out [(of it)]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The cuneiform writing *^dna-zi* admits two scholarly readings. **Nazi** (Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96 'Dilmun, the Land of the Living'; followed by Jacobsen *The Harps that Once*; Black *et al.* *The Literature of Ancient Sumer*) preserves the **structural-pun** with the preceding line 264 *zi-ĝu10 ma-gig* 'my throat (= *zi*) hurts me'. Sumerian *zi* spans both 'throat / windpipe' and 'breath / life'; the deity born from Enki's pained throat-and-breath is *Nazi*, 'the (lady) of life-breath'. The structural-parallel to the line 268-269 *ti*/*til3* pun at Nin-ti (where *ti* 'rib' is homophonous with *til3* 'to live') is the philological argument: the composition pairs two **body-part-life pun** birth-deities. **Nanše** (the ETCSL lemma; Falkenstein; Heimpel) reflects the later identification of the deity with the Lagash city-goddess Nanše. Both readings are defensible; this translation foregrounds *Nazi* per the structural-pun argument and notes the variant inline per the project's `manuscript-variant-inline-rendering-convention`. The cross-corpus details are in the overlay entry `nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "manuscript-variant-inline-rendering-convention",
      "nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun",
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒈾𒍣 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 266,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:266",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig a2-ĝu10 ma-/gig\\",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you? My arm hurts me.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼 𒀉𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 267,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:267",
    "translit": "^da2-zi-mu2-a im-ma-ra-an-/tu\\-[ud]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Azimua out [(of it)]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒀉𒍣𒊬𒀀 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 268,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:268",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig ti-ĝu10 ma-[gig]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you? My rib [hurts me].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼 𒋾𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 269,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:269",
    "translit": "^dnin-ti im-ma-ra-an-[tu-ud]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Ninti out [(of it)]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "**Ninti** is the central philological-pun of the chapter. The deity is born from Enki's pained *ti* 'rib' at line 268 (*ti-ĝu10 ma-gig* 'my rib hurts me'); her name *^dnin-ti* simultaneously reads as **'Lady of the rib'** (from *ti* 'rib') and **'Lady of life'** (from *til3* 'to live' — the verb is homophonous with the rib-noun in Sumerian, both written *ti* in this form). The two senses are not synonymous but co-resident in the single name; the composition exploits the homophony as the structural-organizing-principle of the eight-deity sequence (Ninti at line 269 pairs with Nazi at line 265 — both deploy the body-part / life-vocabulary pun).\n\n**The cross-corpus comparative-mythology observation.** Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96 'Dilmun, the Land of the Living' identified this Sumerian *ti*/*til3* pun as the **comparative-mythology precursor** to the Hebrew Gen 2:21-22 *tzela* 'rib / side' narrative and the Gen 3:20 *chavvah em kol-chai* 'Chavvah, mother of all the living' naming. The Hebrew narrative is structurally-parallel — a body-part-and-life-vocabulary pairing — but the Hebrew **lacks the pun**, because Hebrew *tzela* 'side / rib' is not homophonous with Hebrew *chai* 'life' or *chavvah* 'Chavvah'. Kramer's reading is that the Hebrew text **preserves the structural-motif** (a female life-giver derived from a male body-part) **without preserving the underlying Sumerian wordplay**, because the linguistic conditions for the pun do not obtain in Hebrew.\n\n**Operational disavowals — paramount at this entry.** This comparative-mythology observation is **not an etymological-identity claim**: Sumerian and Hebrew belong to **unrelated language-families** (Sumerian is a language-isolate; Hebrew is Northwest Semitic), and no philological-cognation between Sumerian *ti*/*til3* and Hebrew *tzela* / *chai* is asserted. The comparison is at the level of **structural-mythological-motif** (the body-part-as-life-source narrative pattern); the Hebrew text is a **possible cultural-memory transformation** of the Mesopotamian motif, not a linguistic-cognate. The comparative scholarship is contested in detail; Kramer's strongest reading has been variously endorsed (Hallo *Origins* 1996; Sarna *Genesis* JPS 1989) and qualified (Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT — accepts the motif-parallel, cautions against over-reading; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987 — cautious endorsement). This translation surfaces the observation under named scholarship and at no point imports a **Christian-Eve-typology pre-resolution** (Pauline / Marian / Augustinian readings of Eve are outside the scope of this comparative-philological note) or any project-specific re-framing of Eve as 'Sumerian-borrowed', 'engineered female', or otherwise.\n\nNamed scholarship: Kramer 1944 *BASOR* 96; Kramer 1963 *The Sumerians*; Hallo *Origins of the Ancient Near Eastern Religious Traditions* 1996; Sarna *Genesis* JPS Commentary 1989; Wenham *Genesis 1-15* WBC 1987; Westermann *Genesis 1-11* BKAT; Heidel *The Babylonian Genesis* 2nd ed. 1951; Cassuto *From Adam to Noah* 1961; Black *et al.* *The Literature of Ancient Sumer* 2004. For the Hebrew side, see central entries `tzela-side` (Gen 2:21-22 *tzela*) and `chavvah-em-kol-chai` (Gen 3:20 naming). For the Sumerian *zi* throat/life-breath pun-parallel at Nazi, see line 265 commentary and overlay entry `nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun`. The full cross-corpus comparative-mythology bibliography is at central entry `nin-ti-lady-of-rib-lady-of-life-eve-sumerian-philological-pun-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "nin-ti-lady-of-rib-lady-of-life-eve-sumerian-philological-pun-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒋾 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 270,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:270",
    "translit": "šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig zag-ĝu10 [ma-gig]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'My brother — what part of you hurts you? My side [hurts me].'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒋀𒈬 𒀀𒈾𒍪 𒀀𒊏𒍼 𒍠𒈬 𒈠𒍼",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 271,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:271",
    "translit": "^den-sa6-ag im-ma-ra-an-[tu-ud]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "She gave birth to Ensag out [(of it)]."
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒂗𒊷𒀝 𒅎𒈠𒊏𒀭𒌅𒌓",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 272,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:272",
    "translit": "di4-di4-la2-la2 ba-tud-de3-en-na-aš niĝ2-/ba nam\\-[la2]",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'For these little ones — for whom you have been given birth — let there be a gift, an obligation.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒌉𒌉𒇲𒇲 𒁀𒌅𒉈𒂗𒈾𒀸 𒃻𒁀 𒉆𒇲",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 273,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:273",
    "translit": "^dab-u2 lugal u2 ḫe2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Ab-u be the lord of the plant.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒀊𒌑 𒈗 𒌑 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 274,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:274",
    "translit": "^dnin-siki-la2 en ma2-gan-na ḫe2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Ninsikila be the lord of Magan.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "**Magan** (*ma2-gan-na*) is the ANE toponym for the Oman peninsula / eastern-Arabian coast (Potts *The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity* 1990 vol. 1; Heimpel 'Das untere Meer' *ZA* 77 1987; Glassner 'Dilmun, Magan and Meluhha' in *The Indian Ocean in Antiquity* 1996). The Magan-trade-network ran copper, diorite stone, and finished goods between Oman and the Mesopotamian heartland from the late third millennium. Ninsikila's destiny-assignment to Magan paired with Ensag's to Dilmun at line 280 situates the closing in the SE-Mesopotamian Gulf trade-geography. See overlay entry `magan-toponym-ane-trade-geography`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "magan-toponym-ane-trade-geography"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒋠𒇲 𒂗 𒈣𒃶𒈾 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 275,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:275",
    "translit": "^dnin-giri17-u3-tud ^dnin-a-zu ḫa-ba-an-tuku-tuku",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Ningiriutud marry Ninazu.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒅗𒅇𒌅 𒀭𒎏𒀀𒍪 𒁀𒀭𒌇𒌇",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 276,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:276",
    "translit": "^dnin-ka-si niĝ2 šag4 si ḫe2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Ninkasi be that which fills the heart.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒅗𒋛 𒃻 𒊮 𒋛 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 277,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:277",
    "translit": "^dna-zi u3-mu-un-dar-a ḫa-ba-an-tuku-tuku",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Nazi (alternate manuscript: Nanše) marry Nindara.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "The deity birthed at line 265 receives her destiny here. The Nindara-marriage assignment is the conventional pairing of Nanše-the-Lagash-goddess with Nindara (her consort in the Lagash cult-tradition), which is one of the data points for reading *^dna-zi* here as Nanše rather than Nazi. The same surface-rendering convention as line 265 applies; see the overlay entry `nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "manuscript-variant-inline-rendering-convention",
      "nazi-nanse-throat-life-sumerian-philological-pun"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒈾𒍣 𒅇𒈬𒌦𒁯𒀀 𒁀𒀭𒌇𒌇",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 278,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:278",
    "translit": "^da2-zi-[mu2-a] [^dnin]-ĝiš-zid-da ḫa-ba-an-tuku-tuku",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Azi[mua] marry [Nin]gišzida.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "**Ningišzida** ('Lord of the steadfast tree') is the Sumerian chthonic-vegetation deity, paired with Dumuzi as gatekeeper of An's heaven in *Adapa* and elsewhere; his iconography in third- and second-millennium glyptic shows him as a horned-serpent or as a deity flanked by horned-serpents. His marriage to Azimua here pairs Enki's *arm*-healing-deity (born from *a2* 'arm' at 267) with the chthonic-vegetation deity, completing the Magan-Dilmun-Sumer geography of the closing destinies. Named scholarship: F. Wiggermann *RlA* 9 368-373 *Nin-ĝiš-zida*; Jacobsen *Treasures of Darkness* 1976; Black *et al.* 2004. See overlay entry `ninĝišzida-chthonic-vegetation-deity-sumerian`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "ninĝišzida-chthonic-vegetation-deity-sumerian"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒀉𒍣𒊬𒀀 𒄑𒍣𒁕 𒁀𒀭𒌇𒌇",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 279,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:279",
    "translit": "^d/nin\\-[ti] /nin\\ itid-e ḫe2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let Nin[ti] be the lady of the month.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "Ninti's destiny-assignment as **lady of the month** is a calendrical-domain office (the Sumerian *itid* 'month' is the lunar-period of the Mesopotamian month-calendar). The assignment carries the *ti* / *til3* pun forward: in the gestation-formula at lines 75-83 the *months of womanhood* (*itid nam-munus-a*) frame the divine pregnancy, so Ninti-as-lady-of-the-month is structurally the patron of the **monthly cycle that sustains life** — preserving the rib/life pun in her destiny-office. See central entry `nin-ti-lady-of-rib-lady-of-life-eve-sumerian-philological-pun-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "zi-sumerian-breath-of-life-cross-corpus",
      "nin-ti-lady-of-rib-lady-of-life-eve-sumerian-philological-pun-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒀭𒎏𒋾 𒎏 𒌗𒂊 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 280,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:280",
    "translit": "[^den-sa6]-/ag\\ en dilmun-na ḫe2-a",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "'Let [Ensa]g be the lord of Dilmun.'"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "**Ensag** (the *side*-healing-deity born at line 271 from *zag* 'side') receives the closing destiny-office: lordship over Dilmun. The composition thereby closes by returning to the opening Dilmun-paradise frame (lines 1-10) — the paradise that began as ungoverned-pure-land receives a tutelary lord, and the cosmographic-circle is closed. The Ensag-Dilmun and Ninsikila-Magan paired destinies (Ninsikila is the original Dilmun-deity invoked at 9) reorganize the Gulf-trade-cosmography into Ensag-Dilmun and Ninsikila-Magan. See central entry `dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus`.",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "sumerian-proper-name-transliteration-convention",
      "dilmun-eastern-paradise-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒊷𒀝 𒂗 𒉌𒌇𒈾 𒀀",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  },
  {
    "n": 281,
    "refId": "ENH-WOH-1:281",
    "translit": "[^den-ki] za3-mi2",
    "i18n": {
      "en": "[Enki] — praise!"
    },
    "notes": {
      "official": "",
      "community": []
    },
    "glossaryRefs": [
      "lacuna-bracket-convention-sumerian-mesopotamian-project-standard",
      "dingir-prefix-prose-drop-convention",
      "za-mi-doxological-praise-formula-sumerian-cross-corpus"
    ],
    "cuneiform": "𒆠 𒍠𒊩",
    "cuneiform_confidence": "partial"
  }
],
    "paragraphs": [
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "self": "/v1/library/books/enki-and-ninhursag-woh/chapters/1",
    "book": "/v1/library/books/enki-and-ninhursag-woh/",
    "chapters": "/v1/library/books/enki-and-ninhursag-woh/chapters/",
    "library": "/v1/library/",
    "schema": "/v1/schema/book/"
  }
}