{
  "apiVersion": "v1",
  "kind": "Chapter",
  "metadata": {
    "generated": "2026-11-01T16:21:41Z",
    "language": "en",
    "book": "isaiah-woh",
    "chapter": 15
  },
  "data": {
    "n": 15,
    "bookSlug": "isaiah-woh",
    "bookCode": "ISA-WOH",
    "refId": "",
    "title": "Isaiah 15 — The oracle concerning Moab: the lament over the cities laid waste in a night",
    "translation": {"track":"translation","version":"1.0.0","sourceText":"Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra (Westminster Leningrad)","sourceLicense":"Public Domain","sourceUrl":"http://www.tanach.us/Tanach.xml","sourceAccessedVia":"sefaria.org/api/v3/texts/Isaiah.15","glossaryVersion":"2.90.0","overlayGlossaryVersion":"1.6.1","modelDrafts":["claude-opus-5-5 (translator)","claude-opus-5-5 (editor)"],"reviewer":"zarazinsfuss","reviewedAt":"2026-11-01T17:00:00Z","status":"stable","reviewerReport":{"reviewer":"claude-opus-5-5 acting as woh-reviewer","reviewedAt":"2026-11-01T14:24:28Z","verdicts":[{"refId":"ISA-15:1","status":"approve","citations":["HALOT s.v. maśśāʾ II, dmh","BDB s.v. dāmâ III","Wildberger, Isaiah 13–27 (Continental, 1997), ad loc."],"reasoning":"Disputed vs ASV 'burden … brought to nought'. maśśāʾ môʾāḇ kî bᵉlêl šuddaḏ ʿār môʾāḇ nidmāh: 'oracle' (see 13:1); Niphal nidmāh from dmh 'be cut off, ruined' gives 'it is undone' (NRSV), with dmm 'is silenced' noted. Defensible."},{"refId":"ISA-15:2","status":"revise","citations":["NRSV Isa 15:2 (“Dibon has gone up to the temple, to the high places to weep”)","RSV Isa 15:2 (“The daughter of Dibon has gone up …”)","NJPS Isa 15:2","Wildberger, Isaiah 13–27 (Continental, 1997), ad loc."],"reasoning":"English line approved: ʿālāh habbayiṯ wᵉḏîḇōn habbāmôṯ liḇeḵî has the article, so 'the temple' (of Kemosh) is the natural reading and needs no emendation. The commentary needs a factual fix: the baṯ-dîḇôn 'Daughter Dibon' emendation is RSV's, while NRSV reads 'Dibon has gone up to the temple' with a minor emendation of the conjunction. Correct the attribution (and cite NRSV as further support for 'the temple'); check the NJPS wording quoted while doing so."},{"refId":"ISA-15:3","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"bᵉḥûṣōṯāyw ḥāḡᵉrû śāq ... kullōh yᵉyêlîl yōrēḏ babbeḵî: 'running down with weeping' renders the participle literally; exact."},{"refId":"ISA-15:4","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"wattizʿaq ḥešbôn wᵉʾelʿālēh ... ḥălūṣê môʾāḇ yārîʿû napšô yārᵉʿāh lô: 'armed men', 'his soul trembles within him' exact."},{"refId":"ISA-15:5","status":"revise","citations":["BDB s.v. bārîaḥ (adj. “fugitive”), bᵉrîaḥ (“bar”)","HALOT s.v. bārîaḥ","Wildberger, Isaiah 13–27 (Continental, 1997), ad loc.","Blenkinsopp, Isaiah 1–39 (AB 19, 2000), ad loc.","KJV “his fugitives”; NRSV/NJPS “her fugitives”"],"reasoning":"bᵉrîḥehā ʿaḏ-ṣōʿar: proposed line 'her fugitives flee to Zoar' (NRSV), in place of ASV 'her nobles flee'. Re-parsed: the MT vowels (segol before -hā, no yod) are irregular for both 'her bar' (expected bᵉrîḥāh) and a plural 'her fugitives' (expected -êhā), so the pointing does not decide between them. The lexica, KJV, NRSV, NJPS, Wildberger and Blenkinsopp take the word as 'fugitives'. ASV's 'nobles' (bars = defenders) is the more interpretive choice, and with it the supplied verb 'flee' has no basis in the noun. The note's claim that 'fugitives' requires repointing ('Repointed as bᵉrîḥehā', the same form as MT) is inaccurate and should be removed. If adopted, add 15:5 to overlay lexical-cruxes-wave-i2-isaiah and record ASV 'nobles' in the commentary. 'Eglath-shelishiyah' as a place name is fine."},{"refId":"ISA-15:6","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"kî-mê nimrîm mᵉšammôṯ yihyû ... yereq lōʾ hāyāh: exact."},{"refId":"ISA-15:7","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"ʿal-kēn yiṯrāh ʿāśāh ûp̄ᵉquddāṯām ʿal naḥal hāʿărāḇîm yiśśāʾûm: 'Brook of the Willows' (NRSV 'Wadi of the Willows') exact."},{"refId":"ISA-15:8","status":"approve","citations":["TBWTT ch. 3"],"reasoning":"Canon-cited. kî-hiqqîp̄āh hazzᵉʿāqāh ʾeṯ-gᵉḇûl môʾāḇ ʿaḏ-ʾeḡlayim yᵉlālāṯāh ...: exact. Lens check: rendered as lament over towns; the canon's 'nuclear explosion' reading is confined to an accurate, labelled reception note."},{"refId":"ISA-15:9","status":"approve","citations":["Ulrich & Flint, Qumran Cave 1.II: The Isaiah Scrolls (DJD 32, 2010), ad loc. (1QIsaᵃ דיבון)","Wildberger, Isaiah 13–27 (Continental, 1997), ad loc."],"reasoning":"Canon-cited. kî mê dîmôn mālᵉʾû ḏām: MT 'Dimon' kept, with the 1QIsaᵃ/Vulgate 'Dibon' and the Dimon/dām pun reported; 'a lion … the remnant of the ground' is MT. Defensible under the MT policy."}],"glossaryReview":[{"glossary_id":"overlay:massa-oracle-superscription-isaiah","status":"approve","citations":["HALOT s.v. maśśāʾ II","Weis, A Definition of the Genre Maśśāʾ in the Hebrew Bible (diss., 1986)","Wildberger, Isaiah 13–27 (Continental, 1997), ad loc.","Blenkinsopp, Isaiah 1–39 (AB 19, 2000), ad loc."],"reasoning":"direct verified: maśśāʾ II 'pronouncement' in headings is the lexical consensus and NRSV/NJPS practice; 'burden' (maśśāʾ I) is kept in commentary with the Jer 23:33-38 pun honestly reported."},{"glossary_id":"overlay:mt-qere-textual-policy-isaiah","status":"approve","citations":["Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible (3rd ed., 2012), on Ketiv/Qere","Ulrich & Flint, Qumran Cave 1.II: The Isaiah Scrolls (DJD 32, 2010), ad loc.","Yeivin, Introduction to the Tiberian Masorah (1980), on the extraordinary points","LXX Isa 48:11 (τὸ ἐμὸν ὄνομα βεβηλοῦται)"],"reasoning":"direct verified: all 12 bracketed Ketiv/Qere pairs in the source (13:16; 29:11; 32:7, 15; 42:20, 24; 44:17, 24; 45:2; 54:16; 65:4, 7) are read as qere, and the 44:9 puncta are kept and translated. Every 1QIsaᵃ variant listed is reported, not adopted. One factual fix belongs with the 48:11 commentary (see ISA-48:11): the LXX does not support the first person there; it supplies 'my name'."},{"glossary_id":"overlay:lexical-cruxes-wave-i2-isaiah","status":"approve","citations":["CAD M/2 s.v. musukkannu","HALOT s.v. mᵉsukkān, pûḵ","BDB s.v. ḥeseḏ, ḥērem, māšāl","Lohfink, TDOT 5, s.v. ḥāram","NRSV 40:6 “constancy”; 54:11 “antimony”; 14:4 “taunt”","NJPS 15:2 “temple”"],"reasoning":"direct is defensible for each item: musukkannu (40:20) is the accepted identification and needs no consonantal change; ḥērem 'ban', pûḵ 'antimony', human ḥeseḏ 'constancy' and māšāl 'taunt' are lexically standard. 'sissoo' commits to the species HALOT gives where NRSV/NJPS prefer 'mulberry'; acceptable, and the note records both. Suggest adding 15:5 bᵉrîḥehā to this entry once revised (see ISA-15:5). The chapter note at 15:2 misattributes the baṯ-dîḇôn emendation to NRSV (see ISA-15:2); the entry itself does not repeat that error."},{"glossary_id":"overlay:title-and-meta-conventions-isaiah","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"Appended sentence only (titles, quotation-mark convention). Checked against all 13 chapters: messenger formulas are unquoted, embedded speech is quoted. Non-blocking: chapter 32 title says 'the spirit poured from on high' while 32:15 deliberately renders the indefinite 'a spirit'; change the title to 'a spirit'."},{"glossary_id":"overlay:nidmeti-undone-isaiah","status":"approve","citations":["BDB s.v. dāmâ III","Wildberger, Isaiah 13–27 (Continental, 1997), ad loc."],"reasoning":"Extension to 15:1 nidmāh verified (Niphal 3fs); 'is undone' (NRSV) with dmm noted."},{"glossary_id":"central-op:adam-adamah","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"appliesTo-only op: array verified to preserve every v2.83.0 refId and equal base ∪ appliesToAdded; every added refId carries the entry in its chapter glossaryRefs and the English line uses the entry's wohChoice. ʾăḏāmāh 'ground' at 14:1, 2; 15:9; 32:13; 45:9."},{"glossary_id":"central-op:version 2.83.0→2.84.0","status":"approve","citations":[],"reasoning":"Minor bump is right: 20 appliesTo-only ops, no wohChoice or rationale change. The concurrency instruction (re-base as merged array ∪ appliesToAdded) is correct. Recorded non-extensions verified against the lines (bara, elohim-as-translation, Eloah, el-elyon, kokhvei-boqer, kimah-kesil, tohu-vavohu, tzedakah-u-mishpat, nachash-arum, chesed at 40:6). mahapekhah (13:19) and tardemah (29:10) are already listed in v2.83.0."}],"lens-leakage-flags":[],"lensLeakageCheck":"Checked all 9 lines. The canon-cited 15:8-9 are rendered as the Hebrew lament; the canon's 'nuclear explosion' reading stays in a labelled reception note. Neither revise concerns lens: 15:2 is a commentary attribution error, and 15:5 prefers the lexically better-supported noun.","escalationReportAdjustments":"Initial verdicts were formed before opening wave-i2-editor-report.md. The report lists 15:5 among items 'kept as drafted' (Q19 nobles) and 15:2 among the Reviewer watch points. Neither verdict changed after reading it.","founderDecisionRecommendations":{},"summary":"9 verdicts: 7 approve, 2 revise. Glossary items reviewed: 7 (7 approve). Status → awaiting-human. Revise items: 15:2 (commentary attribution only; line approved) and 15:5 (line: 'her fugitives flee to Zoar'; fix the note's repointing claim)."}},
    "segments": [],
    "lines": [],
    "paragraphs": [{
        "n": 1,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:1",
        "text": "The oracle concerning Moab. Because in a night Ar of Moab is laid waste, it is undone; because in a night Kir of Moab is laid waste, it is undone."
      },{
        "n": 2,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:2",
        "text": "He goes up to the temple, and Dibon to the high places, to weep; over Nebo and over Medeba Moab wails. On all its heads is baldness, every beard is shorn."
      },{
        "n": 3,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:3",
        "text": "In its streets they gird themselves with sackcloth; on its housetops and in its squares everyone wails, running down with weeping."
      },{
        "n": 4,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:4",
        "text": "And Heshbon cries out, and Elealeh; their voice is heard as far as Jahaz. Therefore the armed men of Moab cry aloud; his soul trembles within him."
      },{
        "n": 5,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:5",
        "text": "My heart cries out for Moab; her fugitives flee to Zoar, to Eglath-shelishiyah. For up the ascent of Luhith they go with weeping; for on the road to Horonaim they raise a cry of destruction."
      },{
        "n": 6,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:6",
        "text": "For the waters of Nimrim are desolations; for the grass is withered, the new growth is gone, there is no green thing."
      },{
        "n": 7,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:7",
        "text": "Therefore the abundance they have gained, and what they have laid up, they carry away over the Brook of the Willows."
      },{
        "n": 8,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:8",
        "text": "For the cry has gone around the border of Moab; its wailing reaches to Eglaim, and its wailing to Beer-elim."
      },{
        "n": 9,
        
        
        
        
        
        "refId": "ISA-15:9",
        "text": "For the waters of Dimon are full of blood; for I will bring yet more upon Dimon: a lion for those of Moab who escape, and for the remnant of the ground."
      }
    ]
  },
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