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  "data": {
  "id": "crick-orgel-directed-panspermia",
  "title": "Directed Panspermia",
  "description": {
    "en": "Francis Crick and Leslie Orgel's 1973 *Icarus* (19:3) paper proposing that life on Earth was deliberately seeded by an extraterrestrial intelligent civilization. Crick (Nobel-laureate co-discoverer of DNA structure) and Orgel advanced it as a serious scientific hypothesis addressing the universality of the genetic code and other features. The principal contemporary scientific framework overlapping with the Cosmic Chain's directed-creation premise."
  },
  "authored_by": [
    "Francis Crick",
    "Leslie Orgel"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Panspermia",
    "Directed Panspermia",
    "Origin of Life",
    "Crick"
  ],
  "stance": "neutral",
  "source_type": "academic_article",
  "publish_date": "1973",
  "source_family": "science",
  "relation_to_wheel": "scientific_context",
  "licensing_status": "licensed",
  "follow_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/icarus"
},
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