{
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  "kind": "Translation",
  "metadata": {
    "generated": "2026-09-12T06:52:38Z",
    "language": "en",
    "schemaUrl": "/v1/schema/translation/"
  },
  "data": {
  "schemaVersion": 2,
  "chapterCount": 12,
  "chapterFiles": [
    {
      "file": "chapter-1.json",
      "n": 1,
      "paragraphs": 21,
      "title": "Daniel 1"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-2.json",
      "n": 2,
      "paragraphs": 49,
      "title": "Daniel 2"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-3.json",
      "n": 3,
      "paragraphs": 30,
      "title": "Daniel 3"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-4.json",
      "n": 4,
      "paragraphs": 37,
      "title": "Daniel 4"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-5.json",
      "n": 5,
      "paragraphs": 30,
      "title": "Daniel 5"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-6.json",
      "n": 6,
      "paragraphs": 29,
      "title": "Daniel 6"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-7.json",
      "n": 7,
      "paragraphs": 28,
      "title": "Daniel 7"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-8.json",
      "n": 8,
      "paragraphs": 27,
      "title": "Daniel 8"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-9.json",
      "n": 9,
      "paragraphs": 27,
      "title": "Daniel 9"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-10.json",
      "n": 10,
      "paragraphs": 21,
      "title": "Daniel 10"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-11.json",
      "n": 11,
      "paragraphs": 45,
      "title": "Daniel 11"
    },
    {
      "file": "chapter-12.json",
      "n": 12,
      "paragraphs": 13,
      "title": "Daniel 12"
    }
  ],
  "paragraphCount": 357,
  "publicationYear": 2026,
  "revision": 3,
  "versionLicense": "CC0-1.0",
  "priority": 5,
  "wohCurated": true,
  "verificationStatus": "human-signed-off-2026-06-07",
  "updated": "2026-06-06T00:00:00+00:00",
  "versionSource": "Best-effort reconstruction with per-verse layered witness attribution. Bilingual book: Hebrew (Dan 1:1-2:4a + 8-12) + Aramaic (Dan 2:4b-7:28); both witnessed in BHS Codex Leningradensis with DSS coverage. PRIMARY: Hebrew/Aramaic MT (BHS); SECONDARY: DSS fragments (4Q112 Daniela late 2nd c. BCE per DJD XVI 2000 — the OLDEST Daniel witness, plus 4Q113 Danielb + 4Q114 Danielc + 4Q115 Daniele + 4Q116 Danielf + 1Q71 + 1Q72 + 6Q7 papyrus) where divergent or significant; TERTIARY: Old Greek (OG) where text-critically significant (notably the OG vs Theodotion-Greek expansions at ch 3 — Prayer of Azariah + Song of the Three Young Men; ch 13 Susanna; ch 14 Bel and the Dragon — those expansions OUTSIDE Ship A scope of 1-12 Hebrew/Aramaic MT).",
  "code": "DAN-WOH",
  "slug": "daniel-woh",
  "refId": "DAN-WOH",
  "primaryLang": "he",
  "originalLang": "he",
  "fallbackLangs": [
    "arc",
    "grc"
  ],
  "schema": [
    "book",
    "chapters",
    "verses"
  ],
  "schemaLabels": {
    "en": [
      "Book",
      "Chapter",
      "Verse"
    ]
  },
  "titles": {
    "en": "Daniel",
    "de": "Daniel",
    "es": "Daniel",
    "fr": "Daniel",
    "ja": "ダニエル書",
    "ko": "다니엘서",
    "ru": "Книга пророка Даниила",
    "zh": "但以理书",
    "zh-Hant": "但以理書",
    "he": "ספר דניאל",
    "arc": "ספר דניאל",
    "grc": "ΔΑΝΙΗΛ"
  },
  "versionTitles": {
    "en": "Wheel of Heaven Translation"
  },
  "shortVersionTitles": {
    "en": "WoH, 2026"
  },
  "sourceCitation": "Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft 1997) — THE standard Hebrew/Aramaic critical text based on Codex Leningradensis B19A (1008 CE). Ulrich, E., et al., 'Daniel' in Qumran Cave 4 XI: Psalms to Chronicles (DJD XVI, Oxford 2000) — THE foundational publication of the DSS Daniel fragments (4Q112-4Q116 + 1Q71-1Q72 + 6Q7). Collins, J. J., Daniel: A Commentary on the Book of Daniel (Hermeneia, Minneapolis 1993) — THE standard modern critical commentary. Goldingay, J. E., Daniel (Word Biblical Commentary 30, Dallas 1989) — modern critical commentary with translation. Hartman, L. F., and Di Lella, A. A., The Book of Daniel (Anchor Bible 23, Garden City 1978) — modern critical commentary + Old Greek apparatus. Newsom, C. A., and Breed, B. W., Daniel: A Commentary (Old Testament Library, Louisville 2014). Montgomery, J. A., A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Daniel (ICC, Edinburgh 1927; Public Domain) — classic critical baseline. Charles, R. H., A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Daniel (Oxford 1929; Public Domain) — classic critical commentary. ASV 1901 (Public Domain) — baseline English. Ziegler, J., and Munnich, O., Susanna, Daniel, Bel et Draco (Septuaginta XVI.2, Goettingen 1999) — modern critical edition of OG + Theodotion-Greek.",
  "subtitles": {
    "en": "Full Book: Daniel 1-12 — 12 chapters. Court tales + four-kingdoms apocalypse + Son of Man throne-vision + 70 weeks + resurrection."
  },
  "descriptions": {
    "en": "An English translation of Daniel chapters 1-12 — the bilingual Hebrew + Aramaic book covering court tales (chs 1-6) and apocalyptic visions (chs 7-12). Produced from a per-verse layered witness reconstruction: Masoretic Text (Hebrew + Aramaic per BHS Codex Leningradensis) as PRIMARY; Dead Sea Scrolls Daniel fragments (4Q112 Daniela late 2nd c. BCE — the oldest Daniel witness, plus 4Q113-4Q116 + 1Q71-1Q72 + 6Q7 papyrus per Ulrich et al. DJD XVI 2000) as SECONDARY where divergent or text-critically significant; Old Greek + Theodotion-Greek (Ziegler-Munnich 1999) as TERTIARY where significant.\n\nDaniel is the principal Hebrew Bible apocalyptic text and the foundational Second Temple Jewish apocalypse. Bilingual: Dan 1:1-2:4a + 8:1-12:13 are Hebrew; Dan 2:4b-7:28 are Aramaic. The Aramaic core (chs 2-7) preserves the court tales + the four-kingdoms statue dream (ch 2) + the Son of Man + Ancient of Days night vision (ch 7). The Hebrew material (chs 8-12) extends the apocalyptic schema into the Hellenistic-Maccabean period: the ram + goat vision (ch 8), the 70 weeks (ch 9), the angelic-warfare vision (ch 10), the Maccabean apocalypse (ch 11), the resurrection + the sealed-book (ch 12).\n\nCross-corpus density: extremely high. Daniel sits at the load-bearing center of the throne-vision tradition: Daniel 7's Ancient of Days + Son of Man + four beasts is the fountainhead text for the NT cosmic-signs cluster + the Synoptic Son-of-Man tradition + Revelation 4-5 + Revelation 13 + Revelation 19. The Daniel 7 throne-vision completes the four-tradition throne-vision wire (Ezek 1 + Dan 7 + 1 En 14 + Shi'ur Qomah + Rev 1+4) on the translation surface. Daniel 9's 70-weeks (70 x 7 = 490 years) bidirectionally locks the Jubilees 49-year jubilee chronology framework. Daniel 7:10 books opened + Daniel 12:1 book sealed bidirectional with the Jubilees heavenly-tablets motif and Revelation 5:1 + Revelation 20:12. Daniel 12:2 is one of the foundational explicit resurrection texts in the Hebrew Bible.\n\nThe Greek expansions (Prayer of Azariah + Song of the Three Young Men inserted at 3:23-24; Susanna ch 13; Bel and the Dragon ch 14) are OUTSIDE Ship A scope. Ship A covers only the Hebrew + Aramaic Masoretic Text chs 1-12."
  },
  "lastUpdated": "2026-06-07",
  "reviewer": "zarazinsfuss"
},
  "links": {
    "self": "/v1/translations/daniel-woh/",
    "library": "/v1/library/books/daniel-woh/",
    "canonical_html": "https://www.wheelofheaven.world/library/daniel-woh/",
    "index": "/v1/translations/",
    "schema": "/v1/schema/translation/",
    "glossary": "/v1/glossary/"
  }
}